Jørgen
Carling

http://www.jorgencarling.org

I do research on global migration, immobility and transnationalism. My work seeks to explain how migration arises, and how it affects societies, families and individuals. These broad questions have led to research on a range of specialized topics, including migrant smuggling, and remittance transactions, and migration aspirations. My theoretical contributions to migration studies include the aspiration/ability model (2002), the concept of involuntary immobility (2002), the asymmetries of migrant...

Migration Reasearch Hub ID: 505
ORCID	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-3444
LinkedIN	https://www.linkedin.com/in/jorgencarling/
Twitter	https://twitter.com/jorgencarling
Researcher ID	A-7190-2008
Research Gate	https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jorgen_Carling

Expertise

Migration processes

Roles

PRIO

Research Institute, Oslo, Norway
Research Professor
Peace Research Institute Oslo

Research Institute, Oslo, Norway
Research Professor

Research

Why Do People Migrate? Fresh Takes on the Foundational Question of Migration Studies

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2024
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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1 Journal Article

Mixed methods: bridging the qualitative–quantitative divide in migration research

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2024
Book Title	How to Do Migration Research
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2 Book Chapter

The phrase ‘refugees and migrants’ undermines analysis, policy and protection

Authors	Jorgen Carling, Jørgen Carling
Year	2023
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	10
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3 Journal Article

Living in two countries: Transnational living as an alternative to migration

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marta Bivand Erdal, Cathrine Talleraas
Year	2021
Journal Name	Population, Space and Place
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4 Journal Article

New economics of transnational living

Authors	Marta Bivand Erdal, Jørgen Carling
Year	2020
Journal Name	Population, Space and Place
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5 Journal Article

Circumstantial migration: how Gambian journeys to China enrich migration theory

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Heidi Østbø Haugen
Year	2020
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
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6 Journal Article

CrossMigration

Principal investigator	Peter Scholten (Project co-ordinator), Asya Pisarevskaya (Project manager), Nathan Levy (Project manager), Adham Aly (Project assistant)
Description	The Migration Research Hub supports the systematic accumulation of knowledge in migration studies. It aims to be the go-to resource for finding knowledge on migration, from the latest literature to the most appropriate topical experts. In the spirit of a collaborative approach to knowledge management in migration studies, researchers from all around the world are invited to contribute with their publications and expertise to further innovation in the field. The taxonomy of migration studies developed through this project allows everyone to identify opportunities for collaboration and new research projects across disciplines and geographies. The systematic approach to data collection and knowledge accumulation promotes and facilitates dialogue between researchers and policy stakeholders, and raises awareness of the latest debates and the most current and emerging questions about migration. The Migration Research hub was built during the IMISCOE-led Horizon 2020 project, CrossMigration (2018-2020). See a list of the team members below. The project is now fully integrated into and maintained by IMISCOE.
Year	2018
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7 Project

How Does Migration Arise?

Year	2017
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8 Book

Revisiting aspiration and ability in international migration

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Kerilyn Schewel
Year	2017
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Citations (WoS)	15

9 Journal Article

Aspiration, desire and drivers of migration

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Francis Collins
Year	2017
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Citations (WoS)	21
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10 Journal Article

Visualizing the transnational connections of China’s most African neighbourhood

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2017
Journal Name	Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space
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11 Journal Article

Refugee Advocacy and the Meaning of ‘Migrants’

Authors	Carling Jørgen
Year	2017
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12 Policy Brief

Root Causes and Drivers of Migration: Implications for Humanitarian Efforts and Development Cooperation, PRIO Paper.

Authors	C. Talleraas, J. Carling
Year	2016
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13 Report

A landmark in the landscape of migration studies

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2015
Journal Name	Ethnic and Racial Studies
Citations (WoS)	1
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14 Journal Article

Possibilities and Realities of Return Migration

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marta Bolognani, Marta Bivand Erdal, ...
Description	This report presents insights from the research project Possibilities and Realities of Return Migration (PREMIG), funded by the Research Council of Norway and led by the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). Over a five-year period, a core group of eight researchers in Norway and the United Kingdom studied return migration from multiple perspectives. They drew upon statistical analyses and face-to-face interaction with more than five hundered migrants and returnees in seven countries.
Year	2015
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15 Report

The International Migration Review at 50: Reflecting on Half a Century of International Migration Research and Looking Ahead

Authors	Jennifer Lee, Jørgen Carling, Pia Orrenius
Year	2014
Journal Name	International Migration Review
Citations (WoS)	4
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16 Journal Article

Scripting Remittances: Making Sense of Money Transfers in Transnational Relationships

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2014
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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17 Journal Article

Measuring remittances through surveys

Authors	Richard Brown, Melissa Siegel, Sonja Fransen, ...
Year	2014
Journal Name	Demographic Research
Citations (WoS)	4
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18 Journal Article

Return Migration and Transnationalism: How Are the Two Connected?

Authors	Jorgen Carling, Marta Bivand Erdal
Year	2014
Journal Name	International Migration
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19 Journal Article

Private money, public scrutiny? Contrasting perspectives on remittances

Authors	CINDY HORST, MARTA BIVAND ERDAL, JØRGEN CARLING, ...
Year	2014
Journal Name	Global Networks
Citations (WoS)	9
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20 Journal Article

Return Migration Intentions in the Integration–Transnationalism Matrix

Authors	Jorgen Carling, Silje Vatne Pettersen
Year	2014
Journal Name	International Migration
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21 Journal Article

Beyond the insider–outsider divide in migration research

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marta Bivand Erdal, Rojan Ezzati
Year	2013
Journal Name	Migration Studies
Citations (WoS)	32
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22 Journal Article

Fathers' whereabouts and children's welfare in Malawi

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marianne Tønnessen
Year	2013
Journal Name	Development Southern Africa
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23 Journal Article

Migration aspirations in Senegal: Who wants to leave and why does it matter?

Authors	J. Carling, P.D. Fall, M. Hernández-Carretero, ...
Year	2013
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24 Policy Brief

The Capacity and Desire to Remit: Comparing Local and Transnational Influences

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Kristian Hoelscher
Year	2013
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Citations (WoS)	26

25 Journal Article

How does Conflict in Migrants’ Country of Origin Affect Remittance-Sending? Financial Priorities and Transnational Obligations among Somalis and Pakistanis in Norway

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marta Bivand Erdal, Cindy Horst
Year	2012
Journal Name	International Migration Review
Citations (WoS)	25
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26 Journal Article

Collecting, Analysing and Presenting Migration Histories

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2012
Book Title	Handbook of Research Methods in Migration

27 Book Chapter

Central Themes in the Study of Transnational Parenthood

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Cecilia Menjívar, Leah Schmalzbauer
Year	2012
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

28 Journal Article

Mobility, Moralities and Motherhood: Navigating the Contingencies of Cape Verdean Lives

Authors	Lisa Åkesson, Jørgen Carling, Heike Drotbohm
Year	2012
Journal Name	Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

29 Journal Article

Beyond "Kamikaze Migrants": Risk Taking in West African Boat Migration to Europe

Authors	Maria Hernandez-Carretero, Jorgen Carling
Year	2012
Journal Name	Human Organization
Citations (WoS)	20
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30 Journal Article

Protecting Europe and Protecting Migrants? Strategies for Managing Unauthorised Migration from Africa

Authors	Jørgen Carling, María Hernández-Carretero
Year	2011
Journal Name	The British Journal of Politics and International Relations
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31 Journal Article

Mobility at the Heart of a Nation: Patterns and Meanings of Cape Verdean Migration

Authors	Jorgen Carling, Lisa Akesson
Year	2009
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	27
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32 Journal Article

Toward a Demography of Immigrant Communities and Their Transnational Potential

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2008
Journal Name	International Migration Review
Citations (WoS)	18
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33 Journal Article

The determinants of migrant remittances

Authors	Jorgen Carling
Year	2008
Journal Name	Oxford Review of Economic Policy
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34 Journal Article

The human dynamics of migrant transnationalism

Authors	J⊘rgen Carling
Year	2008
Journal Name	Ethnic and Racial Studies
Citations (WoS)	116
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35 Journal Article

Unauthorized Migration from Africa to Spain

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2007
Journal Name	International Migration
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36 Journal Article

Migration Control and Migrant Fatalities at the Spanish-African Borders

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Year	2007
Journal Name	International Migration Review
Citations (WoS)	99
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37 Journal Article

Legal, Rapid and Reasonably Priced? A Survey of Remittance Services in Norway

Authors	Jørgen Carling, Marta Bivand Erdal, Cindy Horst, ...
Description	What opportunities do immigrants in Norway have for sending money to their countries of origin? To answer that question, this report examines the various services on offer in the Norwegian market. Focusing on transfers to twelve specific countries, the report compares the availability of different services, as well as their price and quality. The countries covered are Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chile, Iraq, Kenya, Lithuania, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Poland, Somalia and Vietnam. The services examined include regular bank transfers, money-transfer services, web-based transfers and so-called hawala services. In recent years, research on remittances has highlighted the importance of transfer mechanisms. The way in which money is sent determines how much of the original amount reaches the recipients, and affects how the money enters the local economy. For some immigrants, the lack of regular remittance services to their country of origin compels them to use services that may be illegal. The research presented here has various audiences. First, it is intended to inform government policy in the field of remittances. Second, the report may help remittance senders understand their options and make well-informed choices. Third, the analysis can assist private-sector businesses to develop better remittance services. The report has been funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad). The research it contains is linked with PRIO’s broader research activity in the fields of migrant remittances and transnationalism. The findings of this report are also presented at the website www.sendepenger.no. Read More
Year	2007
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38 Report

On the edge of the Chinese diaspora: The surge of baihuo business in an African city

Authors	Heidi Østbø Haugen, Jørgen Carling
Year	2005
Journal Name	Ethnic and Racial Studies
Citations (WoS)	62
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39 Journal Article

Migrant Remittances and Development Cooperation

Authors	Jørgen Carling
Description	This report has been commissioned by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad). Migrant remittances are transfers of value by emigrants or their descendants to their country of origin. Registered remittances to developing countries are will be close to 100 billion USD in 2004, or roughly one and a half times official development assistance. In addition, a large, unknown amount is transferred through informal channels or to countries that do not report statistics on remittances. The effects of remittances on development are often complex and contradic-tory, but seen in a positive light by the majority of analysts. In a handful of developing countries, remittances from emigrants account for more than 10 per cent of GDP. Remittances are of high importance to the national economy of eleven of Norad’s 25 partner countries, and of considerable importance in another eight countries. Remittances are transferred through a variety of channels that differ with respect to cost, speed, convenience and other factors. From a policy perspective, it is desirable to reduce transfers costs, discourage the use of informal channels, and promote transfers that enter financial institutions in the receiving country. The latter has come to be seen as a principal strategy for increasing the benefits of remittances. Rather than relying on entrepreneurship by migrants or their relatives, it is possible to encourage saving in financial institutions, thereby increasing access to credit for entrepreneurs who may or may not be migrants themselves. Other strategies for increasing the development effects of remittances include financial incentive schemes to increase the volume of remittances, matching the development investments of migrant associations with government funds, and improving the investment climate for small and medium enterprises. In many cases it is possible and desirable to implement policies that do not involve positive discrimination of migrants or their families. Several of Norway’s partner countries are represented with sizeable immigrant populations in Norway. Other European countries increasingly see policies on immigration and integration on the one hand, and development cooperation on the other hand as linked. This could also be fruitful in Norway. Read More
Year	2005
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