Boya Li Expert Profile

Trafficking in Human Beings and Smuggling of Migrants in ACP Countries: Key Challenges and Ways Forward

Year	2018
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1 Book

Health Care Experiences of Stateless People in Canada

Authors	Jocelyn Kane, Gezy Schuurmans, Miho Kitamura
Year	2023
Journal Name	Journal on Migration and Human Security
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2 Journal Article

UNHCR Population Statistics Database

Description	The database contains information on UNHCR's populations of concern from 1951 onwards. It can be used to investigate different aspects of displacement: host countries and countries of origin, status (refugees, asylum seekers, returned refugees, internally displaced persons (IDP), protected/assisted by UNHCR, returned IDPs, stateless persons, etc.), evolution over time, etc. The dataset covers more than 180 countries. Information like age and sex are also recorded. The data can be easily filtered by single or multiple variables. The selected data can be downloaded to comma-separated variable (CSV) format file and imported in other applications for further analysis. Moreover, mid-year statistics are also available for download. General notes: A number of statistics are not shown in the system but are displayed as asterisks (*). These figures are being kept confidential to protect the anonymity of persons of concern and are not included in the totals.
Year	1951
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3 Data Set

The Refugee/Asylum Seeker

Year	2015
Book Title	Handbook of the Economics of International Migration
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4 Book Chapter

The “Stateless Person” Definition in Selected EU Member States: Variations of Interpretation and Application

Authors	Katia Bianchini
Year	2017
Journal Name	Refugee Survey Quarterly
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5 Journal Article

Asylum seekers, refugees and internally displaced persons in the Republic of Belarus : challenges to social cohesion

Authors	Larissa TITARENKO
Description	There is a global rise in forced migration resulting from military and ethnic conflicts and natural disasters. Being one of the stable countries in the post-Soviet region the Republic of Belarus attracts attention of forced migrants seeking asylum and/or protection. Thus, the problem of forced migration affects Belarus, as it acts as a recipient country for foreign nationals and stateless persons seeking refuge and/or asylum.
Year	2013
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6 Report

2009 Global Trends Refugees, Asylum-seekers, Returnees, Internally Displaced and Stateless Persons.

Authors	UNHCR
Year	2010
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7 Report

TRACKS: Identification of TRafficked Asylum seeKers' Special needs

Description	TRACKS- identification of TRafficked Asylum seeKers’ Special needs is a transnational project that offers to analyze the asylum-trafficking in human beings (THB) nexus through the prism of special needs of trafficked asylum seekers and to equip national asylum authorities and civil society organizations to tackle crosscutting issues (i.e. protection, housing, rehabilitation, psychosocial support as well as security). Indeed, international protection of these asylum seekers might be challenged by their very specific vulnerability. Asylum seekers identified as victims of THB need to benefit from specific social and judicial support and reception conditions, as well as from a procedure that should be adapted to their individual specific situation. These needs have to be addressed to allow them to benefit from an appropriated international protection by EU member States. Very few victims of THB applying for asylum are granted refugee status or subsidiary protection as they have enormous difficulties to express their individual story because they are most of the time under influence, are not always aware of their rights in relation to their specific situation and went through traumatic experiences. Moreover, the asylum application can be used by criminal networks exploiting victims to make sure they legally stay on the territory. The situation of this specific vulnerable group requires a very specific answer that will result from a complementary accompaniment from a range of actors (i.e. regarding social and legal support, health, security issues, etc.).
Year	2016
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8 Project

Refugee Health: A Moral Discussion

Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
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9 Journal Article

Cultural Centres and Guest Worker Integration in Stuttgart, Germany, 1960–1976

Authors	Mark Spicka
Year	2014
Journal Name	Immigrants & Minorities
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10 Journal Article

Transnational Migration, State Policy and Local Clinician Treatment of Asylum Seekers and Resettled Migrants

Authors	Peter H. Koehn
Year	2006
Journal Name	Global Social Policy
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11 Journal Article

The combination of 'insider' and 'outsider' strategies in VSO-government partnerships: the relationship between Refugee Action and the Home Office in the UK

Authors	Derek McGhee, Claire Bennett, Sarah Walker
Year	2016
Journal Name	VOLUNTARY SECTOR REVIEW
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12 Journal Article

The right to education of children and youngsters from refugee families in Europe

Authors	Miquel Angel Essomba
Year	2017
Journal Name	Intercultural Education
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13 Journal Article

Strengthening the Protection of Stateless Persons from Arbitrary Detention in Immigration Control Proceedings

Authors	Matthew Seet
Year	2015
Journal Name	European Journal of Migration and Law
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14 Journal Article

Guidelines for the Collection of Data on Trafficking in Human Beings, Including Comparable Indicators

Year	2009
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15 Book

National Immigration and Integration Policies in Europe Since 1973

Authors	María Bruquetas-Callejo, Jeroen Doomernik
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16 Book Chapter

Constructing Voluntarism: Technologies of ‘intent management’ in Australian Border Controls

Authors	Sharon Pickering, Leanne Weber
Book Title	New Border and Citizenship Politics
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17 Book Chapter

Note on International Protection

Year	2022
Journal Name	International Journal of Refugee Law
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18 Journal Article

Mauritian Courts and the Protection of the Rights of Asylum Seekers in the Absence of Dedicated Legislation

Authors	Jamil Ddamulira Mujuzi
Year	2019
Journal Name	International Journal of Refugee Law
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19 Journal Article

Asylum seekers, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPS) in Georgia : the challenges of social cohesion

Authors	Natia CHELIDZE
Description	Since the 1990s, Georgia has been facing one of its most severe problems: the resettlement and socioeconomic integration of internally displaced persons from Abkhazia and Tskhinvali region who fled as a result of internal armed conflicts. Over the past few years, the number of IDPs has increased due to the inflow of foreign nationals seeking to obtain either a refugee or a humanitarian status. These numbers have further increased following the obligation assumed by the authorities of Georgia to repatriate the Meskhetian Turks exiled in an organized way from Georgia in 1944. Although the definition of internally displaced persons provided in the legislation of Georgia does not include ecological migrants displaced due to the natural calamities, this explanatory note will also touch upon the issues of resettlement of eco-migrants along with the complex task of resettlement of the Meskhetian Turks and IDPs from Abkhazia and Tskhinvali region as well as the unified state approach to address their problems.
Year	2013
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20 Report

How voluntary are voluntary returns?

Authors	Frances Webber
Year	2011
Journal Name	Race & Class
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21 Journal Article

Birth Outcomes among Descendants of Foreign-Born and US-Born Women in California: Variation by Race and Ethnicity

Authors	Theresa Andrasfay
Year	2021
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Citations (WoS)	3
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22 Journal Article

Ethical Considerations in Research With People From Refugee and Asylum Seeker Backgrounds: A Systematic Review of National and International Ethics Guidelines

Authors	Natasha Davidson, Karin Hammarberg, Jane Fisher
Year	2024
Citations (WoS)	1
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23 Journal Article

Migration Policy Practice (Volume III, Number 1, February-March 2013)

Year	2013
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24 Book

Guest or Temporary Foreign Worker Programs

Year	2015
Book Title	Handbook of the Economics of International Migration
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25 Book Chapter

Welfare Chauvinism, Economic Insecurity and the Asylum Seeker “Crisis”

Authors	Boris Heizmann, Alexander Jedinger, Anja Perry
Year	2018
Journal Name	Societies
Citations (WoS)	1
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26 Journal Article

When Law Forgets: Coherence and Memory in the Determination of Stateless Palestinian Refugee Claims in Canada

Authors	Joshua Blum
Year	2020
Journal Name	International Journal of Refugee Law
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27 Journal Article

A Reasonable, Practical and Moderate Humanitarianism: The Co-option of Humanitarianism in the Australian Asylum Seeker Debates

Authors	Danielle Every
Year	2008
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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28 Journal Article

Organized International Asylum-Seeker Networks: Formation and Utilization by Chinese Students

Authors	Jia Gao
Year	2006
Journal Name	International Migration Review
Citations (WoS)	7
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29 Journal Article

Arrived, Yet In-between: Experiences of Iranian Asylum-Seeker Women Living with Insecure Residency in Australia

Authors	Sara Shishehgar, Sara Shishehgar, Leila Gholizadeh, ...
Year	2023
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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30 Journal Article

Study on the assessment of the extent of different types of trafficking (sexual exploitation, labour exploitation, organs etc.) in EU countries

Description	Action against trafficking in human beings has become an important issue on the political agenda of the European Union and its Member States during the last decade. The design of effective measures (those that aim to foster prevention, protect victims and prosecute traffickers) has been commonly agreed to be built on appropriate legal and regulatory framework, research, data collection and information management. The lack of systematically collected and managed statistical data relevant to trafficking in human beings is one of the main obstacles to the successful and effective implementation of anti-trafficking policies and efforts. Objectives • To elaborate appropriate background information and on to assess the extent of different forms of trafficking in human beings in 17 EU Member States (Austria, Bulgaria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, United Kingdom). Outcomes • Comprehensive overview of national data on THB in the 17 EU countries covered • Comprehensive overview of national legislation on THB and related areas in the 17 EU countries covered • Comparative Analysis of assessed extent of different types of THB in the 17 EU countries covered • 17 Country Reports on national legislation, national statistics, and assessments of national developments in regard to the extent of THB in 17 countries covered. • Minimum and maximum scenarios on the total (17 countries) extent of different types of THB following the legal and administrative distinctions between victims and perpetrators but also between cases and persons on.
Year	2008
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31 Project

Asylum Seekers in Scotland: The Accommodation of Diversity

Authors	Duncan Sim, Alison Bowes
Year	2007
Journal Name	Social Policy & Administration
Citations (WoS)	24
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32 Journal Article

RE-VOICING THE UNHEARD: META-STUDY ON ARTS-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION OF REFUGEES AND ASYLUM-SEEKERS

Authors	Ana I. Alves Moreira, Antonia l. p. Jakobi
Year	2021
Journal Name	JOURNAL OF EDUCATION CULTURE AND SOCIETY
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33 Journal Article

Health, Integration and Agency: Sport Participation Experiences of Asylum Seekers

Authors	Clemens Ley, Felix Karus, Lisa Wiesbauer, ...
Year	2020
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
Citations (WoS)	8
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34 Journal Article

Forced migration management and politics of scale: how scale shapes refugee and border security policy

Authors	Josh Watkins
Year	2021
Journal Name	Globalizations
Citations (WoS)	2
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35 Journal Article

No Country of one’s own: an advisory report on treaty protection for stateless persons in the Netherlands

Authors	Adviesraad Migratie, Adviescommissie voor Vreemdelingenzaken or Members of the Advisory Committee on Migration Affairs (ACVZ)
Description	Worldwide, an estimated 12 million people have no nationality. In other words, they are stateless. Statelessness is a problem because possessing a nationality means that there is at least one country where one has the right to reside. Nationality confers a number of other important rights too: the right to identity documents, for example, or the right to return to your own country. Without papers proving who you are, it can be difficult to marry, enter into contracts or acquire diplomas. In addition, possessing a nationality makes a person a member of a particular political community. For all these reasons, the right to nationality is enshrined as a fundamental human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. To protect the stateless and to prevent statelessness, the international community concluded two major instruments: the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. The Netherlands is a party to both. This means that it has obligations towards stateless persons living in the Netherlands and towards stateless children born on Dutch territory. In addition, it means that, with certain exceptions, the Netherlands may not deprive people of their Dutch nationality if they would then become stateless. The United Nations has mandated UNHCR to protect the rights of stateless people and to prevent and reduce statelessness. Within this framework, it published in November 2011 a report entitled Mapping Statelessness in the Netherlands. The report’s main conclusion was that the identification of stateless persons in the Netherlands is problematic and that, as a result, the rights of such persons living in this country are not guaranteed. The then Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations and the Minister for Immigration, Integration and Asylum Policy refuted this conclusion in October 2012. The UNHCR report and the ministers’ response prompted the ACVZ to draw up an advisory report on statelessness. The State Secretary of Security and Justice supported this decision with a letter requesting an advisory report on 14 November 2012. This advisory report relates solely to persons who are not considered as nationals by any state under the operation of its law. These people are also known as ‘de jure stateless persons’. Earlier this year the ACVZ published its advisory report Where there’s a will but no way on the policy concerning aliens who, through no fault of their own, are unable to leave the Netherlands. The Committee considers these people to be de facto stateless.
Year	2014
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36 Report

Geen land te bekennen: een advies over de verdragsrechtelijke bescherming van staatlozen in Nederland

Authors	Adviesraad Migratie, Adviescommissie voor Vreemdelingenzaken or Members of the Advisory Committee on Migration Affairs (ACVZ)
Description	Volgens schattingen wonen op de wereld ongeveer 12 miljoen mensen die geen nationaliteit hebben. Deze mensen worden staatlozen genoemd. Staatloosheid is een probleem omdat een nationaliteit waarborgt dat er tenminste één land is waar je het recht hebt te verblijven. Bovendien brengt nationaliteit een aantal andere belangrijke rechten met zich mee, zoals het recht op identiteitsdocumenten en het recht terug te keren naar je eigen land. Zonder papieren waaruit blijkt wie je bent is het vaak moeilijk om te trouwen, contracten te sluiten en diploma’s te verkrijgen. Daarnaast zorgt het bezit van een nationaliteit ervoor dat een persoon lid is van een bepaalde politieke gemeenschap. Het recht op een nationaliteit is dan ook geformuleerd als één van de fundamentele mensenrechten in de Universele Verklaring van de Rechten van de Mens. De internationale gemeenschap heeft, om staatlozen te beschermen en om staatloosheid te voorkomen, twee belangrijke verdragen gesloten: het Verdrag betreffende de Status van Staatlozen uit 1954 en het Verdrag tot Beperking der Staatloosheid uit 1961. Nederland is partij bij beide verdragen. Dit betekent dat Nederland verplichtingen heeft ten aanzien van staatloze vreemdelingen die in Nederland verblijven, ten aanzien van kinderen die op het Nederlandse grondgebied staatloos ter wereld komen en ten aanzien van het ontnemen van de Nederlandse nationaliteit als dit staatloosheid tot gevolg heeft. De Verenigde Naties heeft de UNHCR het mandaat gegeven om de rechten van staatlozen te beschermen en staatloosheid te voorkomen en verminderen. In dit kader heeft de UNHCR in november 2011 het rapport Staatloosheid in Nederland uitgebracht. De belangrijkste conclusie was dat in Nederland de identificatie van staatlozen gebrekkig functioneert en dat als gevolg daarvan de rechten van in Nederland verblijvende staatlozen niet gegarandeerd zijn. De toenmalige minister van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties en toenmalige minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel hebben dit oordeel in augustus 2012 weersproken. Het rapport van de UNHCR en de reactie van de ministers was voor de Adviescommissie voor Vreemdelingenzaken (ACVZ) aanleiding om een advies uit te brengen over staatloosheid. De toenmalige staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie heeft dit besluit vervolgens op 14 november 2012 in een brief met een adviesvraag ondersteund. Het ACVZ-advies Geen land te bekennen heeft uitsluitend betrekking op personen die door geen enkele staat onder de werking van diens wetgeving als staatsburgers worden beschouwd. Deze personen worden ook wel ‘de jure staatlozen’ genoemd. In Nederland kunnen de facto staatlozen een beroep doen op het buitenschuldbeleid. Hierover heeft de commissie in juli 2013 het advies Waar een wil is, maar geen weg uitgebracht.
Year	2013
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37 Report

Between Camps/Between Cities: Movement, Capture and Insurrectional Migrant Lives

Authors	Sam Okoth Opondo, Lorenzo Rinelli
Year	2015
Journal Name	Globalizations
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38 Journal Article

Stateless in School: The ‘discomfort’ of Kurdish asylum seekers

Authors	Ailbhe Kenny
Year	2022
Journal Name	Intercultural Education
Citations (WoS)	1
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39 Journal Article

Contemporary Compulsory Dispersal and the Absence of Space for the Restoration of Trust

Authors	Patricia Hynes
Year	2008
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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40 Journal Article

Statelessness in the United States: A Study to Estimate and Profile the US Stateless Population

Authors	Donald Kerwin, Daniela Alulema, Michael Nicholson, ...
Year	2020
Journal Name	Journal on Migration and Human Security
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41 Journal Article

Constructions of Australia in pro‐ and anti‐asylum seeker political discourse

Authors	Danielle Every, Martha Augoustinos
Year	2008
Journal Name	Nations and Nationalism
Citations (WoS)	44
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42 Journal Article

Note on International Protection

Year	2024
Journal Name	International Journal of Refugee Law
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43 Journal Article

Distrust and Collaboration: Exploring Identity Negotiation among Asylum Seekers in East Anglia, Britain

Authors	Sophia Rainbird
Year	2012
Journal Name	Journal of Intercultural Studies
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44 Journal Article

Asylbewerber- und Flüchtlingsbefragung

Principal investigator	Herbert Brücker (Principal Investigator), Yuliya Kosyakova (Principal Investigator)
Description	Durch die Asyl- und Flüchtlingsbefragung werden erstmals umfassende Erkenntnisse über die Asylbewerber und Flüchtlinge in Deutschland gewonnen. Diese Erkenntnisse sollen die Arbeitsmarktpolitik auf dem Gebiet der Integration von Asylbewerbern und Flüchtlingen unterstützen. Die Schaffung dieser Datenbasis ermöglicht es der BA, andere Entscheidungsträger in Deutschland und Europa auf dem Gebiet der Flüchtlings- und Migrationspolitik durch evidenzbasierte Politikberatung zu unterstützen. Weiterhin wird eine Datenbasis für die Forschung über die Arbeitsmarktintegration von Zuwanderern und im besonderen von Asylsuchenden und Flüchtlingen geschaffen. Projektmethode Befragung Projektziel Schaffung einer Datenbasis, die sowohl zur Politikberatung als auch zur Forschung zu Themen der gesellschaftlichen und Arbeitsmarktintegration von Asylbewerbern und Flüchtlingen verwendet werden kann.
Year	2015
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45 Project

Understanding Public Knowledge and Attitudes towards Trafficking in Human Beings: A Cross-National Study

Description	'The overall aim of this 24-month project is to research, evaluate, and disseminate a broader understand-ing of how Trafficking in Human Beings (THB) is understood by the general public in countries of the en-larged EU and its neighbour states. The project will assess the influence of socio-economic, demograph-ic and attitudinal factors on public knowledge and understanding of THB by situating the analysis within socio-economic and political contexts of the countries of origin, transit and destination for THB. The find-ings will aid in the development of anti-trafficking policies and targeted public awareness campaigns. Theoretically, this research will contribute to ongoing scholarly debates on how citizens can influence public policies and how public knowledge is embedded in complex socio-political processes. This will be achieved by exploring public understanding of THB as a function of individual socio-economic and de-mographic attributes, attitudes towards a broad range of issues surrounding THB (immigration, gender inequality, prostitution, consumption), and discursive construction of national policies on immigration, gender equality and social justice. The project will address the existing deficit of comparative empirical data in the field by producing three rich cross-national data sets on public understanding of THB. Data will be collected using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including omnibus-powered face-to-face surveys of nationally representative samples of adults in Ukraine, Hungary and the UK, fo-cus groups and qualitative semi-structured interviews. In addition to the academic significance of re-search outcomes, the project will also offer and promote a set of context-specific recommendations on how to develop targeted campaigns and policies to inform public awareness of trafficking and its links to the factors of supply and demand.'
Year	2013
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46 Project

Towards Global EU-Action against Trafficking in Human Beings

Year	2010
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47 Book

UK Dispersal Policy and Onward Migration: Mapping the Current State of Knowledge

Authors	Emma S. Stewart
Year	2011
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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48 Journal Article

The Guest-Worker in Western Europe — An Obituary

Authors	Stephen Castles
Year	1986
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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49 Journal Article

Asylum Seeking in Australia

Authors	Christine A. Stevens
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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50 Journal Article

Syrian Exodus in Context: Crisis, Dispossession and Mobility in the Middle East

Year	2018
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51 Book

Demand in the context of trafficking in human beings in the domestic work sector in France

Authors	Florence LEVY
Description	The fight against trafficking in human beings (THB) is now part of the French political agenda. Yet the priority is given to the fight against sexual exploitation while labour exploitation is still regarded as a minor phenomenon. The particular issue of exploitation in domestic work has not been considered on its own even if France has been condemned twice by the European Court of Human Rights for failing to protect victims in two cases of exploitation in domestic work. Since then, the law has been amended, and we have to wait until we can assess the effectivity of this new legal framework. The issue of demand remains a blind spot in terms of how THB is understood. The public declarations of government’s commitment to the fight against THB provide a contrast with the low number of convictions actually brought down by the courts. The research highlights the difficulties faced by labor inspectorates and legal actors in establishing cases of THB in domestic work. This is linked with the characteristic of this work sector, but also with confusions in the understanding of what is THB, what are the victims and perpetrators profiles and the tensions between the fight against illegal immigration and the mission to protect victims of THB.
Year	2016
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52 Report

The 2021 UNHCR-IE SOGI Global Roundtable on Protection and Solutions for LGBTIQ+ People in Forced Displacement: Toward a New Vision for LGBTIQ+ Refugee Protection

Authors	Eirene Chen, Eirene Chen
Year	2024
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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53 Journal Article

From subsistence to resistance: Asylum-seekers and the other ‘Occupy’ in Hong Kong

Authors	Francesco Vecchio, Julie Ham
Year	2017
Journal Name	Critical Social Policy
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54 Journal Article

Asylum seeking in Australia

Authors	CA Stevens
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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55 Journal Article

Integration of Internally Displaced Persons in Urban Labour Markets: A Case Study of the IDP Population in Soacha, Colombia

Authors	Maria Aysa-Lastra
Year	2011
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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56 Journal Article

How to be a ‘Good Asylum Seeker’? The Subjectification of Young Men Seeking Asylum

Authors	Maria Petajaniemi, Maija Lanas, Mervi Kaukko
Year	2021
Journal Name	Nordic Journal of Migration Research
Citations (WoS)	3
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57 Journal Article

Mind the Protection (Policy) Gap: Trafficking and Labor Exploitation in Migrant Domestic Work in Belgium

Authors	Beatriz Camargo Magalhaes
Year	2017
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies
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58 Journal Article

A Systematic Review of Naturalistic Interventions in Refugee Populations

Authors	Sierra van Wyk, Robert D. Schweitzer
Year	2013
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
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59 Journal Article

Do asylum seekers and refugees choose destination countries? Evidence from large‐scale surveys in Australia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka

Authors	Marie McAuliffe, Dinuk Jayasuriya
Year	2016
Journal Name	International Migration
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60 Journal Article

Secundaire migratie van asielzoekers in de EU

Authors	The Dutch Advisory Committee on Migration Affairs (Asviescommissie voor Vremdelingenzaken, ACVZ), Koos Richelle, Minze Beuving, ...
Description	Asielzoekers die de EU op irreguliere wijze inreizen, blijven vaak niet in de lidstaat waar zij aankomen. Doormigratie van asielzoekers in de EU is niet helemaal te voorkomen, maar kan wel beter worden aangepakt. De Adviescommissie voor Vreemdelingenzaken adviseert daarom een bredere aanpak in EU-verband. Het aantal asielzoekers dat na aankomst in de EU doorreist naar een andere lidstaat is de laatste jaren sterk toegenomen, terwijl het aantal asielaanvragen in de EU sinds 2016 weer op het niveau van 2014 ligt. Tijdens de ‘vluchtelingencrisis’ in 2015 reisden de meeste asielzoekers door van Zuid- naar Noord- en van Oost- naar West-Europa. Sinds 2016 vindt er juist meer ‘secundaire migratie’ van asielzoekers plaats tussen de Noordwest-Europese lidstaten. Doormigratie van asielzoekers in de EU zet de asiel- en opvangstelsels van de lidstaten onder druk, tast de solidariteit tussen lidstaten aan, ondermijnt het maatschappelijk draagvlak voor migratie, houdt mensensmokkelnetwerken in stand en kan tot langdurige verblijfsonzekerheid en verdere uitzichtloosheid voor asielmigranten leiden. Lidstaten proberen het doorreizen van asielzoekers onder meer tegen te gaan door: 1) Het herinvoeren of intensiveren van grenscontroles; 2) Meer toezicht op vreemdelingen; 3) Het versoberen van de opvang; 4) het invoeren van verblijfsrechtelijke beperkingen; 5) Het toepassen van vreemdelingenbewaring (waar mogelijk). Nationale beleidsaanscherpingen kunnen asielzoekers afschrikken, maar dat leidt tot meer doormigratie naar andere lidstaten. Voor de EU als geheel is dat dus geen oplossing. De implementatie van de EU-Turkije verklaring en het sluiten van de Balkanroute hebben geleid tot een vermindering van het aantal asielzoekers dat direct na aankomst in de EU doorreist. Tegenwoordig reizen vooral asielzoekers door die ergens nog een asielaanvraag hebben openstaan of van wie de aanvraag is afgewezen. Het Dublin-systeem, dat is ingevoerd om te bepalen welke lidstaat verantwoordelijk is voor het behandelen van een asielaanvraag, werkt niet goed om het doorreizen van asielzoekers tegen te gaan. Met name de omgang met evident kansarme aanvragen van asielzoekers uit veilige landen van herkomst vormt een probleem. Ook lukt het niet goed om afgewezen asielzoekers terug te sturen naar hun land van herkomst. Doormigratie van asielzoekers in de EU kan effectiever worden tegengegaan door: 1) een overtuigende aanpak van de grondoorzaken van asielmigratie, zowel buiten als binnen de EU; 2) Positieve prikkels te introduceren voor zowel asielzoekers als lidstaten om zich aan de regels te houden. Zorg voor een verschillende behandeling van asielzoekers die al sociale, economische of culturele banden met lidstaten hebben, die afkomstig zijn uit veilige landen van herkomst en die evident kansarme aanvragen indienen en die niet onder de eerste twee groepen vallen; 3) Door onder meer in de relaties met landen van herkomst niet eenzijdig te focussen op het tegengaan van irreguliere migratie.
Year	2019
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61 Report

Inside truths: 'Truth' and mental illness in the Australian asylum seeker and detention debates

Authors	Krista Maglen
Year	2007
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62 Journal Article

Deterrence Index

Description	The Deterrence Index addresses the extent to which policies are a deterrence for asylum seekers. The Index seeks to quantify cumulatively the resulting mix of countries’ changing asylum rules. Five key deterrence measures have been considered from three areas: Three sets of instruments are included: (1) access control policy, which refers to the rules and procedures governing the admission of foreign nationals and its instruments include visa policy, regulations for carriers, safe third country provisions, etc. In this area, the deterrence measure refers to the introduction of so-called ‘safe third country’ provisions, which mean that persons seeking asylum in country A will be refused entry into that country, if on their way to country A, they have travelled through state B, a country which country A regards as a ‘safe country’ and in which the asylum seeker could have applied for asylum. (2) asylum determination procedures. Rules concerning determination procedures relate to entry into a country's refugee recognition system, appeal rights, and rules concerning protection that is subsidiary to the rather narrowly defined Geneva Convention criteria for full refugee status. In this area, the deterrence measure refers to rules concerning the granting of subsidiary protection status which allow asylum seekers to remain in a country of destination even though their application for full refugee status under the Geneva Convention is refused. (3) migrant integration policy. policy is concerned with rights and benefits given to asylum seekers inside a country of destination. Here measures are: freedom of movement vs. a compulsory dispersal policy; cash welfare payments vs. a system of vouchers; and third, the right to work under certain conditions vs. a general prohibition to take up employment as an asylum seeker. Policy-makers can introduce changes in the regulations in these three areas in an attempt to raise the deterrence effect of their policy, which in turn is expected to make their country less attractive to asylum seekers in relative terms. The dataset includes scores for 17 OECD countries for 1985 and 2000. To calculate the index, the researcher analysed two sets of annual yearbooks, the OECD’s ‘Trends in International Migration’ (SOPEMI) and the US Committee for Refugees’ ‘World Refugee Survey’ for the years 1985–2000. For each of the five measures, Thielemann creates a dummy variable (value 1 value whether a measure was in operation in a country). The aggregation is additive, with no weighting applied.
Year	1999
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63 Data Set

Identifying the Stateless in Statelessness Determination Procedures and Immigration Detention in the United Kingdom

Authors	Katia Bianchini
Year	2020
Journal Name	International Journal of Refugee Law
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64 Journal Article

EU Law and the Detainability of Asylum-Seekers

Authors	Cathryn Costello, Minos Mouzourakis
Year	2016
Journal Name	Refugee Survey Quarterly
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65 Journal Article

Demand in the context of trafficking in human beings in the domestic work sector in Italy

Authors	Letizia PALUMBO
Description	While both the topics of domestic work (DW) and trafficking human beings (THB) have received increased attention in scholarship, there is very limited research on the nexus of these two issues in Italy, i.e. on cases of THB in the DW sector. This paper investigates the forms of severe exploitation and THB in DW in Italy and examines the factors affecting the demand-side in this sector. Moreover, it analyses the gaps in current legal and political responses. The paper highlights that domestic workers frequently experience several forms of exploitation and maltreatment, which go from the violation of the fundamental protection provided by the contract to severe abuse and trafficking. The hidden nature of DW renders the identification of cases of THB extremely difficult. The paper reveals that while economic motivations are the main factor influencing the demand for cheap and exploitable workers in DW, other aspects, such as political, legal, social and cultural factors, also play a crucial role in affecting the demand-side. Moreover, this study points out that Italian legal and political responses to THB and severe exploitation have proven inadequate in preventing these phenomena and in protecting the rights of the victims. By highlighting the need to adopt a comprehensive approach to THB, the paper proposes a set of recommendations in regard to political and legal responses, also addressing the demand-side.
Year	2016
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66 Report

The Status of the Asylum-seeking Child in Norway and Denmark: Comparing Discourses, Politics and Practices

Authors	Kathrine Vitus, Hilde Liden
Year	2010
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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67 Journal Article

ROOT: Research on organized trafficking

Description	To contribute to a real comprehension of the impact of organized crime in trafficking in women. To prepare a transnational project directed at eradicating the trafficking in human beings (THB) for the purpose of sexual exploitation in Sicily, in a European dimension
Year	2013
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68 Project

‘We need to talk about Bona’: An autoethnographic account of fostering an unaccompanied asylum seeker

Authors	Maura Daly, Mark Smith
Year	2021
Journal Name	International Journal of Social Pedagogy
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69 Journal Article

What drives ‘soft deportation’? Understanding the rise in Assisted Voluntary Return among rejected asylum seekers in the Netherlands

Authors	Arjen Leerkes, Rianne van Os, Eline Boersema
Year	2017
Journal Name	Population, Space and Place
Citations (WoS)	1
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70 Journal Article

Networks of persistence: A new framework for protracted displacement from a Georgian lens

Authors	Jared R. Dmello, Jared R. Dmello, Beth Mitchneck, ...
Year	2024
Journal Name	International Migration
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71 Journal Article

A mixed methods systematic review of studies examining the relationship between housing and health for people from refugee and asylum seeking backgrounds

Authors	Anna Ziersch, Clemence Due
Year	2018
Journal Name	Social Science & Medicine
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72 Journal Article

Between Choice and Stigma: Identifications of Economically Successful Migrants

Authors	Jack Burgers, Marianne van Bochove
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73 Book Chapter

Refugees, not Economic Migrants ‐ Why do Asylum‐Seekers Register in Hungary?

Authors	Andras Tetenyi, Tamas Barczikay, Balazs Szent-Ivanyi
Year	2018
Journal Name	International Migration
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74 Journal Article

The Concept of the ‘Good Refugee’ in Cambodian and Hazara Refugee Narratives and Self-Representation

Authors	Heidi Hetz
Year	2021
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
Citations (WoS)	9
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75 Journal Article

Permanent residency under temporary protection: Syrian refugees’ (steady) agglomeration pattern in Turkey

Authors	Sevim P Oztürk, Emel K Ayalp
Year	2022
Journal Name	Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science
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76 Journal Article

Demand in the context of trafficking in human beings in the domestic work sector in the Netherlands

Authors	Eefje DE VOLDER
Description	In general the Netherlands is performing relatively well in terms of combatting trafficking in human beings (THB). Yet, the Dutch government still needs to make considerable effort to address the demand-side of THB and to take action in relation to forms of exploitation outside the sex industry.While generally attention for labour exploitation is on the increase, sector-specific attention is still required. The domestic work sector has been considered a risk sector for exploitation since 2008, yet attention for this sector remains scarce. Because the work takes place in the private household, domestic workers are in a vulnerable and isolated position and are therefore in need of specific attention to avoid exploitation. At the same time, the fact that the work takes place in the private realm and that the group of domestic workers is diverse poses serious challenges for the Dutch Government to tackle this particular form of labour exploitation. This report seeks to provide general insight into THB in DW in the Netherlands with special attention for demand side aspects, in order propose recommendations to the Dutch Government how it could step up its efforts to tackle THB in DW.
Year	2016
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77 Report

International migration to Canada: The post-birth health of mothers and infants by immigration class

Authors	Anita J. Gagnon, Geoffrey Dougherty, Olive Wahoush, ...
Year	2013
Journal Name	Social Science & Medicine
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78 Journal Article

The Living Arrangements of Children in Immigrant Families in the United States

Authors	Peter David Brandon
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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79 Journal Article

Demand in the context of trafficking in human beings in the domestic work sector in Greece

Authors	Danai ANGELI
Description	Even though Greece counts as one of Europe’s four main trafficking hubs and even though migrant domestic workers have been arriving in the country since the late 70s, these two storylines somehow fail to meet. According to the official figures, trafficking of human beings (THB) for domestic work is practically non-existent in Greece; and labour trafficking in general, is just a recent phenomenon. Addressing demand for cheap and exploitable workers becomes then a theoretical question. Migrant domestic workers themselves, however, have a very different story to tell about how they entered and stayed in the country, under what terms they found their work, what the expectations are and why they cannot leave. In most cases, these are stories of false promises, long working hours, small salaries and fear of coming forward. Lifting these cases out of their invisibility and understanding what are the factors shaping the demand in the context of THB in the domestic work sector is an important necessary step to open the debate on trafficking in domestic work in Greece.
Year	2016
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80 Report

The living arrangements of children in immigrant families in the United States

Authors	P Brandon
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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81 Journal Article

Asylum‐seekers and refugees: a structuration theory analysis of their experiences in the UK

Authors	Ruth L. Healey
Year	2006
Journal Name	Population, Space and Place
Citations (WoS)	17
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82 Journal Article

Re‐emigration of foreign‐born residents from Sweden: 1990–2015

Authors	Andrea Monti
Year	2019
Journal Name	Population, Space and Place
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83 Journal Article

Missing the Boat: Australia and Asylum Seeker Deterrence Messaging

Authors	Caroline Fleay, John Cokley, Andrew Dodd, ...
Year	2016
Journal Name	International Migration
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84 Journal Article

Rita Chin, The Guest Worker Question in Postwar Germany

Authors	Anna Holian
Year	2008
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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85 Journal Article

Identity Negotiation amongst Pakistani Urban Refugees and Asylum Seekers Living in Bangkok

Authors	Amanda Simon, Amanda Simon, Methawadee Behnjharachajarunandha, ...
Year	2023
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies
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86 Journal Article

Demand in the context of trafficking in human beings in the domestic work sector in Belgium

Authors	Beatriz CAMARGO MAGALHÃES
Description	Belgian anti-THB policy is often pointed as exemplary given its broad definition of the crime of trafficking for labour exploitation, as being the work or service carried out in conditions contrary to human dignity, in which the coercion element is not compulsory. However, hardly any policy initiatives in Belgium tackle specifically demand-side aspects in labour exploitation and THB in the domestic work sector. Recent policy changes in the domain of domestic work at diplomatic households and the formalisation of live-out domestic work with a service voucher policy have positive effects on the sector. Undocumented domestic workers in the shadow market and possibly regular migrants under temporary work permits are, though, still largely unprotected. The main obstacles to prevent exploitative situations within the sector are the migration and employment policies applying to domestic work. Indeed, this paper argues that when migrant workers are without the possibility to regularise their migration status maintain them in a vulnerable situation: migration status is a key issue for giving people the real possibility to access and defend their rights. Only the full respect of (all) workers’ rights will reduce their vulnerability to labour exploitation and trafficking.
Year	2016
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87 Report

The Implementation of Assisted Voluntary Returns Including Reintegration Measures (AVRR)

Year	2019
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88 Book

Digital Borders and Real Rights

Authors	Evelien Brouwer
Year	2018
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89 Book

HIV Infection Among Internally Displaced Women and Women Residing in River Populations Along the Congo River, Democratic Republic of Congo

Authors	Andrea A. Kim, Faustin Malele, Reinhard Kaiser, ...
Year	2009
Journal Name	AIDS and Behavior
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90 Journal Article

Layered Confinement in Reception Centers—A Study of Asylum Seekers’ Experiences in Finland

Authors	Antti Kivijarvi, Martta Myllyla
Year	2022
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies
Citations (WoS)	1
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91 Journal Article

Substance use, generation and time in the United States: The modifying role of gender for immigrant urban adolescents

Authors	Joanna Almeida, Renee M. Johnson, Atsushi Matsumoto, ...
Year	2012
Journal Name	Social Science & Medicine
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92 Journal Article

Papers of the Paperless: Governmentality, Technologies of Freedom, and the Production of Asylum-Seeker Identities

Authors	Taru Salmenkari, Saif Aldawoodi
Year	2023
Journal Name	International Migration Review
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93 Journal Article

Van asielzoeker naar zorgverlener. Arbeidsdeelname van asielmigranten in de zorgsector

Authors	The Dutch Advisory Commitee on Migration Affairs (ACVZ)
Description	Er zijn al geruime tijd grote personeelstekorten in de zorgsector. In 2021 is er een tekort van tussen de 56.300 en 73.800 werknemers, dat naar verwachting zal oplopen tot tussen de 100.000 en 130.000 werknemers in 2030. Tegelijkertijd zijn er asielmigranten die maar niet aan het werk komen. Zelfs tijdens de coronacrisis, waarin er extra handen in de zorg nodig zijn, krijgen asielmigranten nauwelijks de kans om aan het werk te gaan als zorgverlener. Terwijl er onder hen wel degelijk mensen zijn die een zorgachtergrond hebben. Daar komt bij dat de Nederlandse zorgsector te maken heeft met een dynamische en superdiverse samenleving en er dus ook nieuw soort werk nodig is. Denk bijvoorbeeld aan tolken of zorgconsulenten die mensen de weg kunnen wijzen in het Nederlandse zorglandschap en aan de zorg voor ouder wordende migranten. Waarom is het dan zo moeilijk voor asielmigranten on een baan te krijgen in een sector die staat te springen om nieuwe arbeidskrachten? De ACVZ heeft in deze verkenning onderzocht wat de barrières zijn voor asielmigranten om in de zorg aan de slag te gaan, hoe deze kunnen worden weggenomen en waar de kansen liggen om meer asielmigranten aan te trekken voor een baan in de zorg. Die adviesraad identificeert in deze verkenning drie obstakels.
Year	2021
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94 Report

Political Barriers to Reform: Analysing Australia’s Legitimation of Its Guardianship Framework

Authors	India Bennett
Year	2021
Journal Name	Journal of Refugee Studies
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95 Journal Article

Hunger: The Silent Epidemic Among Asylum Seekers and Resettled Refugees

Authors	Linda Piwowarczyk, Terence M. Keane, Alisa Lincoln
Year	2008
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	18
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96 Journal Article

Migration Focus on Return Migration

Year	2015
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97 Book

The Safety of Asylum‐Seeking Women

Authors	Sander Kramer
Year	2008
Journal Name	International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care
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98 Journal Article

Trafficking in domestic work : looking at the demand-side

Authors	Alexandra RICARD-GUAY
Year	2016
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99 Working Paper

Evaluating the experiences and impact of the Health Access for Refugees (HARP) project on peer volunteers in Northern England

Authors	Marie‐Clare Balaam, Melanie Haith‐Cooper, Dinah Mathew, ...
Year	2023
Journal Name	Journal of Community Psychology
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100 Journal Article

Migration Reasearch Hub ID: 4376
ORCID	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-3075
LinkedIN	https://www.linkedin.com/in/boya-li-531487122/?originalSubdomain=uk/
Twitter	https://twitter.com/@BoyaLiiiii

Boya Li

Expertise

Migration processes

Migration drivers

Migration forms

Migration infrastructures

Migration consequences (for migrants, sending and receiving countries)

Socio-cultural consequences

Transversal consequences

Legal-political consequences

Migration governance

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Cross-cutting topics in migration research

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Western Sydney University

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