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Lost in Transition? The European Standards Behind Refugee Integration

Authors	Judith Tanczos, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Description	This paper gives an overview of the current integration standards established within the Common European Asylum System and highlights the possible effects of the changing EU and national legal environment on the integration of beneficiaries of international protection. These integration standards are the starting point of the development of the integration indicators within the project “National Integration Evaluation Mechanism” (NIEM), which aims to support key integration and social actors in 14 EU Member States and Turkey to evaluate and improve the integration outcomes of beneficiaries of international protection. The EU’s greatest impact on the integration of beneficiaries of international protection has been through the stable legal framework of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). The recast Asylum Procedures, Reception Conditions, Qualification and Family Reunification Directives all build on the standards set by the 1951 Geneva Convention and aim for its full and effective implementation. They set a series of standards that shape the integration process, starting from the reception phase until the full legal, socio-economic and socio-cultural integration allowing refugees to realise their full potential to contribute to society. These binding legislative acts are complemented by the Common Basic Principles for Immigrant Integration Policy in the EU1 and its re-affirmation, 10 Years On2 , which guide Member States on how to respond to the needs and opportunities that beneficiaries of international protection bring to their new homes. However, in the past year, the emergence and strengthening of exclusionary, anti-migrant narratives has threatened to undermine national – and now the EU’s – stable legal framework and level of ambition to promote refugee integration. The negative political discourse induced a surprisingly coordinated race-to-the-bottom reply at national level, whose approach is reflected in the most recent European Commission Communication “Towards a Reform of the European Common Asylum System and Enhancing Legal Avenues to Europe”. This document shows a fundamental change in the approach towards beneficiaries of international protection. These proposals reframe the logic of asylum to a more temporary legal status in its nature and have more often recourse to the cessation clause4 , without assessing the long-term consequences: how will it affect the integration of beneficiaries of international protection?
Year	2017
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1 Report

Cities as Providers of Services to Migrant Populations

Authors	Alexander Wolffhardt, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2018
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2 Policy Brief

The increasing use of detention of asylum seekers and irregular migrants in the EU

Authors	Carmine Conte, Valentina Savazzi, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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3 Policy Brief

Private Sponsorship Programmes and humanitarian visas: a viable policy framework for integration?

Authors	Giacomo Solano, Valentina Savazzi, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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4 Policy Brief

Integration Policies: Who Benefits?

Authors	Thomas Huddleston, Elena Sánchez-Montijano, Migration Policy Group (MPG), ...
Year	2015
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5 Policy Brief

Sustaining mainstreaming of immigrant integration

Authors	Alexander Wolffhardt, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2018
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6 Policy Brief

National Immigration and Integration Policies in Europe Since 1973

Authors	María Bruquetas-Callejo, Jeroen Doomernik
Book Title	Integration Processes and Policies in Europe
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7 Book Chapter

Crackdown on NGOs assisting refugees and other migrants

Authors	Lina Lina Vosyliūtė, Carmine Conte, Migration Policy Group (MPG), ...
Year	2018
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8 Policy Brief

Crackdown on NGOs and volunteers helping refugees and other migrants

Authors	Lina Vosyliūtė, Carmine Conte, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Description	This report synthesises previous ReSOMA briefs concerning the crackdown on NGOs and volunteers helping refugees and other migrants. Section 1 captures the main issues and controversies in the debate on the policing of humanitarianism and the potential impacts of EU and national anti-migrant smuggling policies on civil society actors. This section has drawn on academic research in this area, and in particular on CEPS expertise in this field. Section 2 provides an overview of the possible policy options to address this phenomenon taking stock of the ongoing policy debate on solutions and alternatives. Section 3 aims to identify and quantify criminal cases of individuals, volunteers and NGOs providing humanitarian assistance to migrants in the European Union. This monitoring exercise has been carried out by MPG through ReSOMA’s collaborative and participatory process involving experts from NGOs, researchers and other stakeholders. Section 4 provides overall summary conclusions and recommendations to end the crackdown on NGOs and to prevent further policing of civil society. The final section proposes approaches to returning responsibility to EU actors, to be further explored by the ReSOMA platform, with a focus on good governance, human rights defenders, and the protection of humanitarian space inside the EU.
Year	2019
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9 Report

Asylum Policies and Protests in Austria

Authors	Verena Stern, Nina Merhaut
Book Title	Protest Movements in Asylum and Deportation
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10 Book Chapter

Comprehensive and mainstreamed, longer-term support for the integration of migrants: Options for the 2021 to 2027 MFF

Authors	Alexander Wolffhardt, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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11 Policy Brief

Migration-related Conditionality in EU External Funding

Authors	Roberto Cortinovis, Carmine Conte, Migration Policy Group (MPG), ...
Year	2018
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12 Policy Brief

Supporting the social inclusion of the undocumented: Options for the 2021 to 2027 MFF

Authors	Alexander Wolffhardt, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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13 Policy Brief

Regulating Movement of the Very Mobile: Selected Legal and Policy Aspects of Ukrainian Migration to EU Countries

Authors	Monika Szulecka
Book Title	Ukrainian Migration to the European Union
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14 Book Chapter

High levels of EU support for migrant integration implemented by civil society and local authorities: Options for the 2021 to 2027 MFF

Authors	Alexander Wolffhardt, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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15 Policy Brief

The Dynamics between Integration Policies and Outcomes: a Synthesis of the Literature

Authors	Özge Bilgili, Thomas Huddleston, Anne-Linde Joki, ...
Description	This paper reviews the comparative multi-level quantitative research on the links between integration policies, the integration situation of immigrants and a wide range of individual and contextual factors. Twenty-one reviewed studies and additional supporting articles indicate that a number of individual and contextual variables explain most of the variation between countries in terms of immigrants’ labour market integration, educational attainment, naturalisation and political participation. Thanks to the use of MIPEX and similar indices, some evidence is emerging that certain integration policies can be related to the specific integration outcomes that they aim to address. So far, only certain general and targeted employment policies can be directly associated with better labour market outcomes for immigrants and a lower incidence of employment discrimination. More indirectly, facilitating naturalisation, a secure residence and a secure family life seems to have positive effects on boosting labour market outcomes for certain immigrants. In the area of employment, studies rarely focus on a specific policy or properly match it to its specific intended target group and outcome. In the area of education, the inclusiveness of the school and education system seems to matter most for immigrant and non-immigrant pupils. Although targeted immigrant education policies adopted at national level do not display consistent results across countries in terms of pupils’ tests scores, most studies conclude that inclusive schools and education systems are more successful when they also target the specific needs of immigrant pupils. Several studies on the acquisition of nationality find that naturalisation policies are perhaps the strongest determinant of the naturalisation rates for immigrants from developing countries. Further research can explore which specific elements of naturalisation policies most help or hinder naturalisation. The few studies on political participation find that targeted policies and the acquisition of nationality may boost participation rates for certain immigrant groups. The fact that studies find no link between the general integration policy (i.e. MIPEX overall score) and a specific labour market outcome (i.e. employment rates for foreign-born) does mean that no causal relationship exist between integration policies and outcomes across countries. Considering that this multi-level research is still in infancy, studies have great room for improvement in terms of their use of databases and methodological tools. A more robust methodological approach using new international datasets can better explore the nuanced links between policies and societal outcomes. Future research needs to pay greater attention to linking a specific integration policy with its actual target group and target outcomes. Studies must also take into account time-sensitive contextual factors and general policies. International surveys can improve their measurement of integration policy outcomes in terms of longterm residence, family reunification, anti-discrimination, language learning, and, to some extent, political participation.
Year	2015
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16 Report

Who Is an Immigrant and Who Requires Integration? Categorizing in European Policies

Authors	Marleen van der Haar, Liza Mügge
Book Title	Integration Processes and Policies in Europe
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17 Book Chapter

Strategic litigation: the role of EU and international law in criminalising humanitarianism

Authors	Carmine Conte, Seán Binder, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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18 Policy Brief

Who Ought to Stay? Asylum Policy and Protest Culture in Switzerland

Authors	Dina Bader
Book Title	Protest Movements in Asylum and Deportation
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19 Book Chapter

Evaluating Impact: Lessons Learned from Robust Evaluations of Labour Market Integration Policies

Authors	Özge Bilgili, Barcelona Centre for International Affairs (CIDOB), Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2015
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20 Report

Stuck Between Mainstreaming and Localism: Views on the Practice of Migrant Integration in a Devolved Policy Framework

Authors	Silvia Galandini, Silvia Galandini, Gareth Mulvey, ...
Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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21 Journal Article

Who is reshaping public opinion on the EU’s migration policies?

Authors	Thomas Huddleston, Hind Sharif, Migration Policy Group (MPG)
Year	2019
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22 Policy Brief

Speaking Truth to Power? Why Civil Society, Beyond Academia, Remains Marginal in EU Migration Policy

Authors	Ann Singleton
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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23 Book Chapter

Political Protest in Asylum and Deportation. An Introduction

Authors	Sieglinde Rosenberger
Book Title	Protest Movements in Asylum and Deportation
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24 Book Chapter

Research-Policy Dialogues in the European Union

Authors	Marthe Achtnich, Andrew Geddes
Year	2015
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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25 Book Chapter

Migrants', 'mobile citizens' and the borders of exclusion in the European Union

Authors	Martin RUHS
Year	2018
Book Title	Debating European citizenship
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26 Book Chapter

Sending Country Policies

Authors	Eva Østergaard-Nielsen
Book Title	Integration Processes and Policies in Europe
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27 Book Chapter

Research-Policy Dialogues in Austria

Authors	Maren Borkert
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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28 Book Chapter

Protests Revisited: Political Configurations, Political Culture and Protest Impact

Authors	Helen Schwenken, Gianni D’Amato
Book Title	Protest Movements in Asylum and Deportation
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29 Book Chapter

The Europeanisation of Integration Policies

Authors	Kerstin Rosenow
Year	2009
Journal Name	International Migration
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30 Journal Article

“We Are Here to Stay” – Refugee Struggles in Germany Between Unity and Division

Authors	Helge Schwiertz, Abimbola Odugbesan
Book Title	Protest Movements in Asylum and Deportation
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31 Book Chapter

The Right to Seek - Revisited. On the UN Human Rights Declaration Article 14 and Access to Asylum Procedures in the EU

Authors	Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen, Hans Gammeltoft-Hansen
Year	2008
Journal Name	European Journal of Migration and Law
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32 Journal Article

Walking the Walk’ Rather Than ‘Talking the Talk’ of Superdiversity: Continuity and Change in the Development of Rotterdam’s Immigrant Integration Policies

Authors	Ilona van Breugel, Rianne Dekker
Book Title	Coming to Terms with Superdiversity
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33 Book Chapter

Tunisia’s Role in the EU External Migration Policy: Crimmigration Law, Illegal Practices, and Their Impact on Human Rights

Authors	Vasja Badalič, Vasja Badalic
Year	2019
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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34 Journal Article

Temporary Migration Programmes: the Cause or Antidote of Migrant Worker Exploitation in UK Agriculture

Authors	Erica Consterdine, Sahizer Samuk
Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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35 Journal Article

Migrants and Asylum Seekers: Policy Responses in the United States to Immigrants and Refugees from Central America and the Caribbean

Authors	MJ McBride, Michael J. McBride
Year	1999
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	21
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36 Journal Article

Channels of Entry and Preferred Destinations: The Circumvention of Denmark by Chinese Immigrants

Authors	Mette Thuno
Year	2003
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	5
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37 Journal Article

Research-Policy Dialogues in Italy

Authors	Tiziana Caponio
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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38 Book Chapter

When “Inclusion” Means “Exclusion”: Discourses on the Eviction and Repatriations of Roma Migrants, at National and European Union Level

Authors	Dragos Ciulinaru
Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal of International Migration and Integration
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39 Journal Article

Intersecting Policies of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Migration in the EU and the Netherlands

Authors	Tesseltje de Lange
Year	2018
Book Title	EU external migration policies in an era of global mobilities : intersecting policy universes
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40 Book Chapter

MEDAM assessment report on asylum and migration policies in Europe

Authors	Mikkel BARSLUND, Matthias LÜCKE, Martin RUHS
Description	In this 2019 MEDAM Assessment Report, we present insights from MEDAM research and policy dialogue since 2016 to explain how closer cooperation among EU member states and with countries of origin and transit can improve outcomes for all stakeholders. Crucially, short of establishing a new Iron Curtain on the EU’s external border or continuing to tolerate abuses, there is no way that either individual member states or the EU as a whole can insulate themselves from irregular migrants and asylum seekers. Yet, if crossing the EU border enabled all irregular migrants to remain in the EU for good, the integrity of EU visa and asylum policies would be undermined. Thus, close cooperation with countries of origin for the return and readmission of their citizens who have no right to remain in the EU is crucial. Still, it is typically not in the interest of countries of origin to limit the mobility of their citizens. Cooperation between the EU and countries of origin must therefore cover a wide enough range of policies to ensure that all parties consistently benefit from the policy package and have a strong incentive to meet their commitments. We emphasize more EU support for refugees hosted by low- and middle-income countries and more legal employment opportunities for non-EU citizens in the EU. Rethinking EU asylum and migration policies along these lines requires extensive consultations and negotiations among stakeholders in Europe and in countries of origin and transit. Our ‘insights’ are meant to inform and stimulate such conversations. However, sustainable reforms will come only as the result of stakeholders working out the details and developing a sense of ownership of the necessary reforms. Our first set of insights relates to popular attitudes toward immigration and the structure of public preferences for asylum and refugee protection policies (section 2 of this report). Next, we explain how the EU and countries of origin and transit can all benefit from cooperating on border management, refugee protection, and expanding legal labor migration to the EU (section 3). Finally, we consider the implications for cooperation among EU member states and the long-standing plans for reform of the European asylum system (section 4).
Year	2019
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41 Report

Asylum Policy Index

Description	The Asylum Policy Index addressed the change in the nature (restrictiveness) of policies for asylum seekers in 19 OECD countries. It focuses on the changes in asylum and related policies in these countries between 1999 and 2006. The index is based almost entirely on legislation rather than on general impressions about the toughness of asylum policy. Taking 1997 as a baseline, the score decreases by -1 if the policy adopted is open to asylum seekers, or increases by 1 if the policy is restrictive. It is important to stress that this is a crude measure of policy change that does not reflect differences across countries in the finer details of policy change or in its enforcement. Nor is it an absolute measure of toughness but merely the difference in policy stance as compared with the beginning of 1997. The 15 components of policy are divided into three groups, each consisting of five components. Those representing the ability of asylum seekers to gain access to the country’s territory are labelled access; those representing the toughness of the country’s refugee status determination procedure are labelled processing; and those relating to the welfare of asylum seekers during and after processing are labelled welfare. The asylum policy index discussed in the text was constructed from annual country reports on policy developments given in three sources. These are: the OECD’s annual publication International Migration Outlook (Paris: OECD) (formerly Trends in International Migration), the country reports of the European Council on Refugees and Exiles (2006), and the country reports of the US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants.
Year	2006
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42 Data Set

Lessons from the South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis

Authors	Mikolaj Stanek, Jean-Michel Lafleur
Book Title	South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis
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43 Book Chapter

Refugee law in the United Kingdom and the European Union : the constitutive and subversive effects of immigration and border control

Year	2012
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44 Doctoral Dissertation

Southern Urbanism and the Rescaling of Migration Law and Policy

Year	2017
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45 Book

Environmental Migrants and Global Governance: Facts, Policies and Practices

Year	2017
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46 Book

Human Rights of Migrants: Challenges of the New Decade

Authors	Patrick A. Taran
Year	2001
Journal Name	International Migration
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47 Journal Article

The Migration-Development Nexus Evidence and Policy Options State-of-the-Art Overview

Authors	N Nyberg-Sorensen, Ninna Nyberg-Sorensen, Nicholas Van Hear, ...
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration
Citations (WoS)	94
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48 Journal Article

Deterrence Index

Description	The Deterrence Index addresses the extent to which policies are a deterrence for asylum seekers. The Index seeks to quantify cumulatively the resulting mix of countries’ changing asylum rules. Five key deterrence measures have been considered from three areas: Three sets of instruments are included: (1) access control policy, which refers to the rules and procedures governing the admission of foreign nationals and its instruments include visa policy, regulations for carriers, safe third country provisions, etc. In this area, the deterrence measure refers to the introduction of so-called ‘safe third country’ provisions, which mean that persons seeking asylum in country A will be refused entry into that country, if on their way to country A, they have travelled through state B, a country which country A regards as a ‘safe country’ and in which the asylum seeker could have applied for asylum. (2) asylum determination procedures. Rules concerning determination procedures relate to entry into a country's refugee recognition system, appeal rights, and rules concerning protection that is subsidiary to the rather narrowly defined Geneva Convention criteria for full refugee status. In this area, the deterrence measure refers to rules concerning the granting of subsidiary protection status which allow asylum seekers to remain in a country of destination even though their application for full refugee status under the Geneva Convention is refused. (3) migrant integration policy. policy is concerned with rights and benefits given to asylum seekers inside a country of destination. Here measures are: freedom of movement vs. a compulsory dispersal policy; cash welfare payments vs. a system of vouchers; and third, the right to work under certain conditions vs. a general prohibition to take up employment as an asylum seeker. Policy-makers can introduce changes in the regulations in these three areas in an attempt to raise the deterrence effect of their policy, which in turn is expected to make their country less attractive to asylum seekers in relative terms. The dataset includes scores for 17 OECD countries for 1985 and 2000. To calculate the index, the researcher analysed two sets of annual yearbooks, the OECD’s ‘Trends in International Migration’ (SOPEMI) and the US Committee for Refugees’ ‘World Refugee Survey’ for the years 1985–2000. For each of the five measures, Thielemann creates a dummy variable (value 1 value whether a measure was in operation in a country). The aggregation is additive, with no weighting applied.
Year	1999
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49 Data Set

Introduction

Authors	Julia Dahlvik
Book Title	Inside Asylum Bureaucracy: Organizing Refugee Status Determination in Austria
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50 Book Chapter

Ce que le droit fait au genre : les femmes migrantes dans la législation européenne

Year	2015
Journal Name	Droit et Cultures
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51 Journal Article

European Cities in Search of Knowledge for Their Integration Policies

Authors	Rinus Penninx
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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52 Book Chapter

In Each Other’s Shoes: Making Migration Policies Equitable Across Borders

Year	2017
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53 Book

When refugees stopped being migrants: Movement, labour and humanitarian protection

Authors	K. Long, Katy Long
Year	2013
Journal Name	Migration Studies
Citations (WoS)	31
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54 Journal Article

International Migration Policy and Law Analysis (IMPALA)

Description	The International Migration Policy And Law Analysis (IMPALA) Database is a cross-national, cross-institutional, cross-disciplinary project on comparative immigration policy. The pilot database version covers 10 years and 9 country cases including Australia, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the United States of America. It covers The focus is admission policy, although the authors include also acquisition of citizenship, which is generally understood as being part of ‘immigrant policies’, namely what happens after admission. The project classifies and measures tracks of entry associated with five migration categories: economic migration, family reunification, asylum and humanitarian migration, and student migration, as well as acquisition of citizenship. It is the product of an international collaboration between researchers from George Mason University, Harvard University, London School of Economics and Political Science, Paris School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, University of Luxembourg, and University of Sydney.
Year	2008
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55 Data Set

Child migrants at the border

Authors	Lourdes Torres
Year	2014
Journal Name	Latino Studies
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56 Journal Article

Averting forced migration in countries in transition

Authors	S Martin
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration
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57 Journal Article

Ce que le droit fait au genre : les femmes migrantes dans la législation européenne

Year	2015
Journal Name	Droit et Cultures
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58 Journal Article

New Asylum Countries?

Authors	Gregor Noll, Rosemary rne, Jens Vedsted-Hansen
Year	2018
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59 Book

The Multi-Level Governance of Intra EU Movement

Authors	Jonas Hinnfors, Gregg Bucken-Knapp, Andrea Spehar, ...
Book Title	Between Mobility and Migration
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60 Book Chapter

Restrictions on Access to Social Protection by New Southern European Migrants in Belgium

Authors	Mikolaj Stanek, Jean-Michel Lafleur
Book Title	South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis
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61 Book Chapter

The Concept of Integration as an Analytical Tool and as a Policy Concept

Authors	Blanca Garcés-Mascareñas, Rinus Penninx
Book Title	Integration Processes and Policies in Europe
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62 Book Chapter

Averting forced migration in countries in transition

Authors	S Martin
Year	2002
Journal Name	International Migration
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63 Journal Article

Ukrainian Migration to Poland: A “Local” Mobility?

Authors	Marta Kindler, Zuzanna Brunarska, Monika Szulecka, ...
Book Title	Ukrainian Migration to the European Union
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64 Book Chapter

EU Immigration and Asylum Law (Text and Commentary): Second Revised Edition. Volume 1: Visas and Border Controls Series: Immigration and Asylum Law and Policy in Europe

Authors	S. Peers, E. Guild, J. Tomkin
Year	2012
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65 Book

Research-Policy Dialogues in the Netherlands

Authors	Han Entzinger, Stijn Verbeek, Peter Scholten
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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66 Book Chapter

A Sectorial Approach to Labour Migration: Agriculture and Domestic Work

Year	2017
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67 Book

The Manus Island Regional Processing Centre: A Legal Taxonomy

Authors	Nikolas Feith Tan
Year	2018
Journal Name	European Journal of Migration and Law
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68 Journal Article

Tunisia and its diaspora : between protection and control

Authors	Stéphanie POUESSEL
Year	2017
Book Title	Emigration and diaspora policies in the age of mobility
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69 Book Chapter

Integration policies : country report for Croatia

Authors	Simona KUTI
Description	The report provides a description of the main policy documents, initiatives and actors dealing with immigrant integration in Croatia. After introductory remarks concerning the context and recent migration flows to Croatia – which are composed mainly of citizens from the countries of former Yugoslavia – the report identifies main target groups and the focus of integration measures, as well as the main policy tools implemented thus far. The third section focuses on forms of engagement by civil society organisations concerning integration – providing services and various forms of assistance, primarily to asylum seekers, refugees and persons under subsidiary protection. Given that the main policy measures are in the early stages of development or planned for upcoming periods, it is premature to fully assess their implementation. However, since most of the current measures target asylum seekers, asylum grantees and subsidiary protection beneficiaries it will be necessary to develop new integration instruments or extend the applicability of the existing ones to different categories of immigrants, to correspond to the envisaged future role of Croatia as an immigration country.
Year	2014
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70 Report

Border Security, Migration Governance and Sovereignty

Year	2017
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71 Book

Security First: New Right-Wing Government in Poland and its Policy Towards Immigrants and Refugees.

Authors	Witold Klaus
Year	2017
Journal Name	SURVEILLANCE & SOCIETY
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72 Journal Article

Perfil Migratorio de Nicaragua 2012

Year	2013
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73 Book

Old Wine in New Bottles? Comparing the Post-War Guest Worker Migration and the Post 1989 Migration from CEE-Countries to EU-Member Countries

Authors	Rinus Penninx
Book Title	Between Mobility and Migration
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74 Book Chapter

Humanitarian Bottom League? Sweden and the Right to Health for Undocumented Migrants

Authors	Shannon Alexander, Shannon Alexander
Year	2010
Journal Name	European Journal of Migration and Law
Citations (WoS)	11
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75 Journal Article

The international migration and foreign policy nexus: the case of Syrian refugee crisis and Turkey

Authors	N. Ela Gokalp Aras, Zeynep Sahin Mencuetek
Year	2015
Journal Name	Migration Letters
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76 Journal Article

From IIRIRA to Trump: Connecting the Dots to the Current US Immigration Policy Crisis

Authors	Donald Kerwin
Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal on Migration and Human Security
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77 Journal Article

RESPOND: Multilevel Governance of Mass Migration in Europe and Beyond

Description	With the goal of enhancing the governance capacity and policy coherence of the EU, its member states and neighbors, RESPOND is a comprehensive study of migration governance in the wake of the 2015 Refugee Crisis. Bringing together 14 partners from 7 disciplines, the project probes policy-making processes and policy (in)coherence through comparative research in source, transit and destination countries. RESPOND analyzes migration governance across macro (transnational, national), meso (sub-national/local) and micro-levels (refugees/migrants) by applying an innovative research methodology utilizing legal and policy analysis, comparative historical analysis, political claims analysis, socio-economic and cultural analysis, longitudinal survey analysis, interview based analysis, and photovoice techniques. It focuses in-depth on: (1) Border management and security, (2) International refugee protection, (3) Reception policies, (4) Integration policies, and (5) Conflicting Europeanization and externalization. We use these themes to examine multi-level governance while tackling the troubling question of the role of forced migration in precipitating increasing disorder in Europe. In contrast to much research undertaken on governance processes at a single level of analysis, RESPOND’s multilevel, multi-method approach shows the co-constitutive relationship between policy and practice among actors at all three levels; it highlights the understudied role of meso-level officials; and it shines a light on the activities of non-governmental actors in the face of policy vacuums. Ultimately, RESPOND will show which migration governance policies really work and how migrants and officials are making-do in the too-frequent absence of coherent policies. Adhering to a refugee-centered approach throughout, RESPOND will bring insights to citizenship, gender and integration studies, ensure direct benefit to refugee communities and provide a basis for more effective policy development.
Year	2017
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78 Project

Integration that Values Diversity – Exploring a Model for Current Migration Dynamics

Year	2017
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79 Book

Local and Municipal Responses to Cross-border Migration: Providing Services to Migrants Independent of Status

Year	2017
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80 Book

Measuring and comparing immigration, asylum and naturalization policies across countries : challenges and solutions

Authors	Justin GEST, Anna BOUCHER, Suzanna CHALLEN, ...
Year	2014
Journal Name	Global policy, 2017, Vol. 8, No. S4, pp. 115-125
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81 Journal Article

The Human Development Visa Scheme:

Year	2017
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82 Book

Securing and Insuring Livelihoods: Migrant Workers and Protection Gaps

Year	2017
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83 Book

Why Values, not Economics, Hold the Key to the Populist Right - and to Crafting New Migration Narratives

Year	2017
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84 Book

The Borders Beyond the Border: Australia’s Extraterritorial Migration Controls

Authors	Asher Lazarus Hirsch
Year	2017
Journal Name	Refugee Survey Quarterly
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85 Journal Article

Differences in Subjective Well-being Between Older Migrants and Natives in Europe

Authors	Gregor Sand, Stefan Gruber
Year	2018
Journal Name	Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
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86 Journal Article

Protecting Women Asylum Seekers and Refugees: From International Norms to National Protection?

Authors	Jane Freedman
Year	2010
Journal Name	INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
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87 Journal Article

Protecting Women Asylum Seekers and Refugees: From International Norms to National Protection?

Authors	Jane Freedman
Year	2010
Journal Name	International Migration
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88 Journal Article

Migrant Return and Reintegration Policy: A Key Component of Migration Governance

Year	2017
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89 Book

Klugman and Pereira’ Assessment of National Migration Policies

Description	This set of indicators compares several dimensions of migration policies as of early 2009. For a selected set of 28 countries, both developed and developing, the indicators address admission criteria, policies on integration and treatment of migrants, and efforts to enforce those policies. Irregular migration is a particular area of focus. The analysis distinguishes between different entry regimes, namely: labour migrants (high or low skilled, with a permanent or a temporary permit), those who move with a family-related visa, humanitarian migrants (asylum seekers and refugees), international visitors and international students. The indicators cover three main areas of policy interest: admission, treatment, and enforcement. Most of the 84 questions were multiple-choice, but there were also open-ended questions to allow comments and explanations. The data is drawn from an assessment by country experts as well as by desk-research of Human Development Report Office staff. Information was collected in two parallel and complementary efforts during early 2009: through a questionnaire answered by International Organization for Migration (IOM) country-level staff and other world-wide migration experts, and through internal desk-web research
Year	2009
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90 Data Set

Transnational Culture of Corruption in Migrant Labour Recruitment

Year	2017
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91 Book

Research-Policy Dialogues in the United Kingdom

Authors	Christina Boswell, Alistair Hunter
Book Title	Integrating Immigrants in Europe
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92 Book Chapter

International Migration Law: Developing Paradigms and Key Challenges

Year	2007
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93 Book

Inclusive Language for Exclusive Policies: Restrictive Migration Governance in Chile, 2018

Authors	Victoria Finn, Sebastián Umpierrez de Reguero
Year	2020
Journal Name	Latin American Policy
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94 Journal Article

Private Sector Engagement in the Global Compact on Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration

Year	2017
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95 Book

Managing Migrant Return through 'Voluntariness'

Description	The fundamental weakness of nation state and EU efforts to effectively manage migration to Europe lies in ensuring the return of foreigners who pass or avoid border controls but are then neither granted asylum nor a residence permit. Many Member States thereby increasingly rely on public policies for the so-called ‘voluntary return’ of irregular migrants and (refused) asylum seekers. Very little is known about how these approaches work in practice and whether they meet stated policy goals and discharge state obligations regarding migrants’ human rights. The project REvolTURN addresses this research gap through a close and comparative analysis of ‘voluntary return’ policies in Austria and the UK, including their adoption, implementation and immediate outcome. It examines 1) how voluntariness of return is constructed and framed in law, policy and public discourse, 2) which notions of voluntariness are crucial for policy implementation, and 3) what impact this has on migrants’ own decision-making about their return. My innovative and interdisciplinary mixed-method approach combines comparative policy and discourse analysis, detailed institutional ethnography through observation and in-depth interviews and a survey among potential returnees. REvolTURN addresses a key priority of the Horizon 2020 work programme for 2016-17: to better manage migration, and will also contribute to recent scholarship regarding the in/effectiveness of migration policies and the agency of migrants holding no or highly precarious statuses. The project has three main objectives: 1) to better understand the role and functioning of voluntariness in the context of state-managed migratory return; 2) to develop a framework for assessing and comparing these roles and functions, including their effectiveness; and 3) to thereby contribute to evidence-based and workable policy solutions that increase the number of genuinely voluntary returns without undermining the very logic underlying this approach.
Year	2018
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96 Project

Humanitarian Alternative Pathways for Protection for Forced Migrants in Latin America

Year	2017
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97 Book

Von der Flüchtlingshilfe zur Fluchthilfe. Auseinandersetzungen um Flüchtlingsschutz im deutschen Migrationsregime und die Rolle zivilgesellschaftlicher Initiativen

Principal investigator	Helen Schwenken (Principal Investigator)
Description	Das Forschungsprojekt "Von der Flüchtlingshilfe zur Fluchthilfe" geht aus von der Problematik des Asylparadoxes und dem Umgang zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure mit seinen Konsequenzen: Zwar gelten in Deutschland das Grundrecht auf Asyl und die völkerrechtlichen Prinzipien des Flüchtlingsschutzes und viele Staaten gewährleisten Flüchtlingsrechte. Um diese zu erlangen, müssen die meisten Schutzsuchenden allerdings mangels legaler Einreisemöglichkeiten illegal Grenzen überqueren und sich in riskante Situationen begeben. Insbesondere durch die sich in den Jahren 2015 und 2016 zuspitzende Lage entwickeln sich in Deutschland vermehrt gesellschaftliche Auseinandersetzungen um den Zugang zu Flüchtlingsschutz. Das Forschungsprojekt analysiert diese Auseinandersetzungen mit Fokus auf das Engagement zivilgesellschaftlicher Initiativen für die sichere Einreise von Flüchtenden. Daher geht das Projekt der Forschungsfrage nach, welche Handlungsansätze und Strategien zivilgesellschaftliche Initiativen im Kontext von Migrations- und Fluchtregimen entwickeln, um sich angesichts beschränkter Einreisewege und humanitärer Notlagen für einen Zugang zum Schutz für Geflüchtete einzusetzen und Fluchthilfe zu leisten.
Year	2018
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98 Project

Border Control Politics as Technologies of Citizenship in Europe and North America

Authors	Kim Rygiel
Book Title	New Border and Citizenship Politics
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99 Book Chapter

Migrants’ Integration in Host Societies, and Return to Home Countries: The Case of the Middle East and South Asia

Year	2017
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100 Book

Migration governance

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