Legal regulations and traveller & migrant protection

State, private and civil society actors in migration infrastructures and their respective activities, programmes and services are regulated by either international or national law. This encompasses the conditions under which these actors operate, the services they are allowed to provide and the controls they have to conduct. Legal regulations also define the rights of the customers, i.e. travellers and migrants. Two relatively well-known regulations in the field of the aviation industry are advance passenger information schemes, and carrier sanctions. Advance passenger information schemes allow border control agencies to review passenger information prior to their boarding for commercial flights. Carrier sanctions are penalties given to transport companies in case of carrying improperly documented passengers which leads to a de facto prohibition for asylum seekers to travel to a safe country by airplane.

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Legal regulation of combat against human trafficking in the Russian Federation

Authors Vadim VOINICOV
Description
Human trafficking is a social phenomenon characterized by high public danger. Individual states and international community develop a set of legal and organizational measures to combat it. For instance, in accordance with the UN Protocol on prevention and suppression of human trafficking, measures aimed at combat against human trafficking include criminalization of this deed; protection of crime victims; assistance in repatriation; encouragement of international cooperation etc. The legal system regulating the fight against human trafficking in the Russian Federation comprises various legal measures; however most of them are of general nature, i.e. focused not only on prevention of human trafficking, but also on combat against other illegal acts. The only special measure is criminalization of deeds associated with human trafficking and use of slave labor. Therefore, analysis of the Russian national legislation indicates that the main emphasis in the fight against human trafficking is made on the use of criminal law mechanisms.
Year 2013
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
1 Report

The Legal Framework of Trafficking and Smuggling in Germany: Victim Protection Emerging from Witness Protection?

Authors Katja S. Ziegler
Year 2018
Book Title Immigration and Criminal Law in the European Union
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
4 Book Chapter

Le droit tunisien face à la traite de personnes et au trafic de migrants

Authors Souhayma BEN ACHOUR
Description
Le présent rapport a pour objet de décrire les solutions du droit tunisien en matière de traite de personnes et de trafic de migrants. Il tente de montrer qu’une différence importante existe entre les règles qui régissent le trafic de migrants et celles qui s’appliquent à la traite de personnes est à noter. En effet, un ensemble de facteurs permet d’expliquer l’importance et l’extrême sévérité de l’arsenal juridique que le droit tunisien comporte en matière de lutte contre le trafic de migrants : recrudescence incessante du phénomène des migrations clandestines à partir des côtes tunisiennes, pressions européennes et surtout italiennes importantes, engagements internationaux de la Tunisie… En revanche, la traite internationale de personnes ne fait pas l’objet d’une réglementation spécifique. Les autorités tunisiennes n’ont pas jugé nécessaire l’adoption de mesures supplémentaires à celles qui existent déjà au sein du droit tunisien. Plusieurs raisons pourraient expliquer le fait que la traite ne soit pas un phénomène très répandu en Tunisie : extrême sévérité dans le traitement des migrations clandestines, importance du quadrillage policier de la société, insuffisance de la protection juridique des étrangers,… Le droit tunisien comporte néanmoins un ensemble de règles qui condamnent la traite de personnes en soi, mais aussi les deux principaux phénomènes auxquels aboutit la traite des personnes : l’exploitation sexuelle et l’exploitation économique. La protection apportée par ces normes paraît cependant souvent insuffisante. La plupart des règles applicables relèvent du droit pénal. Mais d’autres branches du droit, comme le droit du travail, le droit administratif, les droits de l’homme ou encore la condition des étrangers régissent également les deux questions. Le présent rapport se divise en deux parties principales : une première partie expose les règles juridiques applicables aux auteurs de la traite des personnes et du trafic des migrants, et la seconde partie est relative à celles qui régissent ses victimes. Abstract This report sets out the solutions in Tunisian law against trafficking and smuggling. It attempts to show the important differences between rules applying to the smuggling of migrants and the rules applying to trafficking in persons. A series of factors explains the scope and the severity of the legal framework combating the smuggling of migrants: a continuous increase in clandestine migration from the Tunisian coasts, strong European and above all Italian pressure, international commitments… Strangely, there is no specific regulation against trafficking in persons. The Tunisian authorities have not found it necessary to adopt new rules here. Some reasons might explain why trafficking is not a widespread phenomenon in Tunisian: the severity of sanctions against clandestine migration, strict police control, insufficient protection of foreign nationals… Tunisian law does, however, contains rules which combat trafficking, including two phenomena connected to trafficking: economic exploitation and sexual exploitation. Nevertheless, the protection offered by these instruments does not seem sufficient. Most of the relevant rules are part of criminal law, but other domains of law, like labour law, administrative law, human-rights law and the status of foreign nationals also govern the two issues. The report is divided into two parts: the first part sets out the rules applying to persons charged with the felony of trafficking and smuggling, the second part presents the rules protecting victims.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
5 Report

Smuggling of Rohingyas from Myanmar to Malaysia: A Threat to Human Security

Authors Andika Ab Wahab, Aizat Khairi
Year 2020
Journal Name AKADEMIKA
Citations (WoS) 6
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
7 Journal Article

A Review of Human Trafficking Issues in Malaysia and Nigeria

Authors Sani S. Ibrahim, Adlina Ab Halim, Zatul Himmah Adnan
Year 2019
Journal Name PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
11 Journal Article

Protection of European seas and borders through the intelligent use of surveillance

Description
PERSEUS contributes to Europe’s efforts to monitor illegal migration and combat related crime and goods smuggling by proposing a large scale demonstration of a EU Maritime surveillance System of Systems, on the basis of existing national systems and platforms, enhancing them with innovative capabilities and moving beyond EUROSUR’s 2013 expectations, addressing key challenges:  supporting the network created by National Contact Centres, Frontex and EMSA through increased capabilities, including transnational exchange of useful and available information, and associated procedures and mechanisms, thereby supporting the creation of a common information sharing environment  generation of a common situational picture  improved detection and identification of non collaborative/suspicious small boats and low flying aircraft  enhanced and increasingly automated detection of abnormal vessel behaviours, identification of threats and tracking of reporting and non-reporting vessels PERSEUS articulates this demonstration through 5 exercises grouped in 2 campaigns, implementing missions of drug trafficking and illegal migration control and delivering surveillance continuity from coastal areas to high seas. PERSEUS delivers a comprehensive set of validated and demonstrated recommendations and proposes standards. PERSEUS has assembled major users and providers, ensuring privileged access to existing surveillance systems and assets for an optimised coverage of the area of interest. These users will define, assess and validate the alignment of PERSEUS’s recommendations to their needs. PERSEUS also includes an evolution mechanism to enlarge the user base and integrate emerging technologies during its lifetime. PERSEUS will augment the effectiveness of operational capabilities of the existing systems – a relevant and coordinated contribution to the establishment of an integrated European-wide maritime border control system
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
13 Project

Examining hidden coercion at state borders: why carrier sanctions cannot be justified

Authors Tendayi Bloom, Verena Risse
Year 2014
Journal Name Ethics & Global Politics
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17 Journal Article

THE INSTITUTIONAL FUNCTION OF THE ECUADORIAN STATE TO PREVENT CHILD AND ADOLESCENT ABUSE

Authors Sandra Valentina Yepez Velazco, Carlos Javier Lizcano Chapeta, Teresa de Jesus Molina Gutierrez
Year 2020
Journal Name Immigrant Youth and Employment: Lessons Learned from the Analysis of LSIC and 82 Lived Stories
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
20 Journal Article

The Santa Monica prison and illegal cocaine: a mutual relationship

Authors Stephanie Campos
Year 2016
Journal Name Crime, Law and Social Change
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
24 Journal Article

Valletta Summit on Migration: A Common Political Basis. Cooperation in Migration Between Africa and the European Union.

Authors International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD)
Year 2015
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
25 Policy Brief

Canadian Policy on Human Trafficking: A Four-year Analysis1

Authors Jacqueline Oxman-Martinez, Jill Hanley, Fanny Gomez
Year 2005
Journal Name International Migration
Citations (WoS) 7
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
30 Journal Article
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