The Criminalization of Human and Humanitarian Smuggling

Taxonomy Associations

Migration processes

• Migration forms

  • Irregular migration

• Migration infrastructures

  • Human smugglers
  • Practices of facilitating travel & migration

Migration consequences (for migrants, sending and receiving countries)

• Socio-economic consequences

  • Rural development, migration, and diversity

Migration governance

• Migration policy and law

  • Policies on irregular migration

Geographies

• Scope

  • National