Research
Database

This constantly growing database accumulates and structures
relevant knowledge in the field of migration.

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Cohesion without participation: immigration and migrants' associations in Italy

Authors Claudia Mantovan
Year 2013
Journal Name PATTERNS OF PREJUDICE
Citations (WoS) 4
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32701 Journal Article

Muslim immigrants and the Greek nation: The emergence of nationalist intolerance

Authors Anna Triandafyllidou, Hara Kouki
Year 2013
Journal Name Ethnicities
Citations (WoS) 15
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32702 Journal Article

“Whom should We Help First?” Transnational Helping Practices in Ecuadorian Migration

Authors Paolo Boccagni
Year 2013
Journal Name International Migration
32703 Journal Article

“Smuggled Refugees”: The Social Construction of North Korean Migration

Authors Jiyoung Song
Year 2013
Journal Name International Migration
32704 Journal Article

Returnees' Perspectives on Their Re‐migration Processes

Authors Ine Lietaert, Ilse Derluyn, Eric Broekaert
Year 2013
Journal Name International Migration
32705 Journal Article

Approaches to the Afro-Colombian Experience in Chile

Authors Jimena Silva Segovia, Marcelo Lufin
Year 2013
Journal Name JOURNAL OF BLACK STUDIES
32706 Journal Article

Transforming Migration: Transnational Transfer of Multicultural Habitus

Description
How do migrants develop the competence to successfully operate within a new society, and will these newly acquired intercultural skills and attitudes transfer between individuals and geographical locations? Can migration, and to what extent, trigger a shift towards more tolerance and respect for ethnic and cultural diversity in the countries sending migrants? And how are these effects mediated by particular conditions? These are the questions the TRANSFORmIG project seeks to answer by investigating recent massive migration between Poland and Great Britain and Germany. The ‘Polish case’ is highly instructive because of diametrically opposed contexts between which the transnational migrants regularly ‘switch’: Britain and Germany are characterized by a level and kind of multi-cultural complexity that is unknown to immigrants from Poland which is recognized as one of the most ethnically homogeneous country in the world. The TRANSFORmIG project puts the hypothesis that contact with diversity – socializing with people of diverse backgrounds – leads to (a positive) change of attitudes both among migrants and their peer groups in the communities of origin, and that these effects are mediated by the particular configurations and representations of diversity. The TRANSFORmIG project entails interdisciplinary, multi-method research in selected localities in Great Britain, Germany and Poland. Spanning sociology, anthropology, history and media studies, the project investigates with the help of a longitudinal qualitative study, individual and group interviews, ethnography and discourse analysis how people’s attitudes and skills to act in diverse societies change over time and in dependence with historical and contemporary conditions. Findings will significantly advance social scientific understanding of the processes of transnational transfer of values and attitudes and the spread of intercultural competences under the condition of growing diversification of societies.
Year 2013
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32707 Project

Family Migration, Marriage and Integration

Description
Family migration in general, and more specifically migration for the purpose of family formation, has become one of the most important forms of immigration to European countries. Consequently, family migration and family formation receive increasing attention, particularly in the field of migrant integration. This is reflected not only in recently introduced programmes in many countries which link admission and integration, but also in examining the role of the family in integration processes. For example, bi-national or inter-ethnic marriages and partnerships can be understood as an expression of successful integration, assuming that these relations require a high level of intercultural interaction, social contacts outside their own group and the acceptance of different values. Existing literature indicates that this and similar conclusions are much too simplistic and refers to the variety of considerations, motives and ambitions that influence partner choices. Particularly in German-speaking countries, the state of knowledge on partner choice, marriage and family formation patterns of migrants is poorly understood. Existing studies are often limited to specific aspects of the phenomenon, such as "forced marriages" or "arranged marriages", which neglect a comprehensive analysis and an informed debate on the impact of these patterns on the integration of third country nationals in general. Objectives of the study: The study will examine: • marriage patterns and motives in major immigrant groups in Austria over time; • the effects of changing marriage patterns and marriage structures on the integration characteristics of immigrant spouses and their children in Austria; • whether integration policies support the needs of immigrant spouses and their children; • options for policy development in the respective areas.
Year 2013
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32708 Project

A new immigration policy in Azerbaijan

Authors Sergey RUMYANSEV
Description
Up to the late 1990s, discourse around mass emigration from Azerbaijan had to do, above all, with mass post-Soviet labour migration. During the last two decades (1990-2009) 266,000 arrived in the country as permanent migrants and 707,500 departed from Azerbaijan according to official statistics. According to official statistics the balance of migration was negative for Azerbaijan (though never massively negative) almost every year. But in the last two years more people arrived in the country than left it. On the grounds of these figures the authorities announced that Azerbaijan has become attractive for immigrants. President Ilham Aliyev’s stated: “The number of foreigners intending to visit the Republic of Azerbaijan will increase while Azerbaijan is developing. This can be considered a positive factor for our country. However, we must prefer the interests of our state, people, citizens and this must be the priority for our migration policy” on the home page of the Internet Site of the “State Migration Service of Azerbaijan Republic” in fact, there is the official declaration of changes in the migration process. These ideas have been set in state law in the “Decree by the president of the Azerbaijani Republic on the use of the ‘single window’ principle in the management of migration processes” (4th of March 2009).
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32709 Report

Religious diversity and education : intercultural and multicultural concepts and policies

Authors Ruby GROPAS, Anna TRIANDAFYLLIDOU
Year 2012
Book Title European multiculturalisms : cultural, religious and ethnic challenges
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32710 Book Chapter

Response to the Research Report 'The impact of labour migration on Belarus: a demographic perspective'

Authors Andrei YELISEYEU
Description
Contrary to official statistics, a number of estimates, employing census data and population loss due to natural causes, and based on bilateral migration stocks, show that Belarus, since its independence, has had a negative net migration: the numbers come in at about 130,000. Population loss due to external migration is even more considerable (700,000) if one counts migration on the basis of the migrants’ place of birth: many Belarus-born emigrants left the country before 1990 and did not return, and a large number of immigrants after 1990 were Belarus-born repatriated from other former USSR countries. Official statistics for the external net migration rate and labour migrants have been distorted by poor migration accounting, while political considerations have deterred some academic institutions from taking a more critical approach. External migration is negative in demographic terms in quantitative but also in qualitative terms as emigrants are, on average, younger and better educated, while immigrants are less-skilled, with a larger proportion of people past working age. The positive demographic impact of the 1980s high fertility rate has recently ended. Since 2008, the pool of labour resources has been gradually diminishing. The share of people below working age has been falling while the share of those above working age has risen. Thus unfavorable demographic trends in terms of population loss and age distortion are aggravated by external migration. With all the negative demographic impact that external migration implies, labour migration has an ambiguous economic impact. It contributes to sizable human capital losses and a deficit in some sectors (e.g., construction) due to the labour migration to Russia. But it also eases unemployment and provides remittances from the migrants to their communities.
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32715 Report

Of Hubs and Hinterlands: Cyprus as an Insular Space of Overlapping Diasporas

Authors Janine Teerling, Russell King
Year 2012
Journal Name ISLAND STUDIES JOURNAL
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32717 Journal Article

The Chinese Diaspora: Exploring Chinese Migration in Colombia

Authors Friederike Fleischer
Year 2012
Journal Name Revista de Estudios Sociales
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32719 Journal Article

Migration en Algérie : nouvelles tendances

Authors Rafik BOUKLIA-HASSANE
Description
L’émigration algérienne se caractérise à travers une feuille de route de destination de plus en plus diversifiée, bien que la France demeure le principal pays d’accueil. Le regroupement familial représente l’une des raisons principales sous-jacente les flux d’admission vers la France, alors que la migration professionnelle revêt un caractère désormais marginal. La reconnaissance implicite de la double nationalité et l’entrée en vigueur du nouveau Code de la nationalité algérien concourent à la massification de la diaspora algérienne résidant à l’étranger, alors même que celle-ci reste difficile à appréhender d’un point de vue statistique. L’évolution des taux du chômage et les variations ressortant de la participation au marché du travail au sein du pays d’accueil démarquent une intégration plus rapide parmi les femmes d’origine algérienne par comparaison avec les hommes, expliquée dans une large mesure au regard d’une situation économique initiale déséquilibrée au détriment des femmes. Il ressort de l’observation courant sur la période récente que les mesures adoptées par les autorités algériennes attestent d’une volonté manifeste d’impulser une nouvelle politique migratoire tournée vers la promotion de l’impact de la communauté algérienne résidant à l’étranger sur le développement économique de l’Algérie. A noter dans le même temps que les phénomènes de l’émigration et de l’immigration illégales font l’objet de mesures législatives civiles et pénales soutenues et renforcées par le gouvernement algérien. Algerian emigration has seen a gradual diversification in terms of destinations, though France remains the preferred option. Family reunification is today the main motivation pushing Algerians to France, while labor migration has only a marginal role. Both the implicit recognition of dual citizenship and the new Code on Algerian Nationality have tended to increase the size of the expat Algerian community, though this is not evident in the statistics. In terms of economic integration, the evolution of unemployment and of labor market participation in the destination country reflects the faster integration of Algerian women than of Algerian men, probably because of the large initial gap between the two sexes. The recent measures put in place by the Algerian authorities may show the start of a new policy attitude towards migration which gives more relevance to the contribution of the expat Algerian community in terms of economic development at home. Meanwhile, Algerian policies for the fight against undocumented outward and inward migration have been strengthened by the adoption of new civil and penal law arrangements.
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32720 Report

SLOVENIANS IN SERBIA. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE ETHNODEMOGRAPHIC STUDY

Authors Aleksandar Knezevic
Year 2012
Journal Name ANNALES-ANALI ZA ISTRSKE IN MEDITERANSKE STUDIJE-SERIES HISTORIA ET SOCIOLOGIA
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32722 Journal Article

Developing alternative understandings of security and justice through restorative justice approaches in intercultural settings within democratic societies

Description
The overarching objective and expected impact of this project is to provide alternative and deepened understanding based on empirical evidence of how to handle conflicts in intercultural contexts within democratic societies in order to set up security solutions for communities, which are carried by the active participation of the citizens. ALTERNATIVE has at its core 4 intensive case studies (which mainly take the form of action research) built around, supported by and mutually feeding into 3 more theoretically oriented work packages. These parts together produce a spectrum of theoretically grounded and empirically tested models of dealing with conflicts in intercultural settings by RJ processes. The theoretically oriented work packages deal mainly with alternative epistemologies of justice and security, conflict analysis, and RJ models application and their relevance for European policies. The action research is dedicated to different levels of intercultural conflicts in a few selected security sensitive areas: at the micro-level - everyday conflicts between local residents and residents with migrant background in public/social housing (Vienna); at the meso-level – conflicts in a small town with Roma and non-Roma inhabitants (Hungary); at the meso- and macro-level – interethnic conflicts within 3 multi-ethnic and multicultural regions: conflicts between Serbs and Albanians, Serbs and Muslims, and Serbs and Croats (Serbia); and at the meso- and macro-level - civil conflicts at 3 different sites: conflicts between a local community and gangs of youths; between long term residents and recent immigrants; and inter-community sectarian conflict (Northern Ireland). Our proposal is fully in line with the main objectives of the “Security Theme Work Program”; its expected impact is also fully in line with the impact expected in the “Topic SEC-2011.6.5-1 Conflict resolution and mediation”: To provide alternative understanding of how to handle conflicts within democratic societies.
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32724 Project

Between Ashkenaz and Québécois: Fifty Years of Francophone Sephardim in Montréal

Authors William F.S. Miles
Year 2012
Journal Name Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32725 Journal Article

The invention of a diaspora: the case of Arbëresh

Description
This project will study the formation of the Arbëresh minority, currently one of the twelve officially recognized linguistic minorities in Italy. This proposal aims to address the problem of identity construction as started by diverse immigrant groups that, notwithstanding their common origin roughly corresponding to present-day Albania, were at first very different from one another in terms of religion, culture and language. In particular, this research will allow to critically reconsider the concept of diaspora. Scholars have so far analyzed diaspora phenomena as coherent units of geographically dispersed people bound by sentiment, culture and history. On the contrary, this project aims to demonstrate that the cultural identity of a diaspora is not necessarily formed by the dispersion of ethnically homogeneous groups, but it is rather the result of a long-term process that can take place in the host countries. The project is divided into three parts. The first part studies the Albanian emigration to Southern Italy in the fifteenth and sixteenth century and the foundation of rural communities on Italian territory by immigrants. The second part examines the period of the Counter-Reformation. The Albanian colonies became part of the Catholic Church, but at the same time they adopted a particular religious rite, the so-called Greek rite, which has distinguished them from the Catholic majority. The result was the birth of a Uniate Catholic Church in 1595, which brought together the various Albanian colonies in Italy. The third part studies the achievement of ethnic identity in the seventeenth century, on the basis of the religious identity. The project will be carried out at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in Paris, which is currently engaged in several international and European research projects focused on the history of diasporas. The main expected result is the preparation of a book that will be the fourth monograph of the researcher
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32727 Project

Hospitality vs Hatred of the Other: A Study of Welcoming versus Prejudiced Representations of Otherness in Britain and Poland

Description
The objective of this project is to complete my research into prejudiced representations of the Other (hostility) vs cultural initiatives to create welcoming representations (hospitality) in Britain and Poland. There are significant differences in the approaches to the Other between and within the two countries of the European Union. My study will examine the representations of Jews, Roma, Muslims and other national, ethnic and religious minorities, the LGBT community, refugees and other immigrants, people with disabilities, the economically excluded as alienated in the UK and Poland. Because of the abortion ban, women are among the most vulnerable in Poland and are, therefore, the Beauvoirean Other in this country. A variety of prejudices converge on the ‘Others’ who are devoid of subjectivity and visibility. Therefore, it is important to examine the problematics of alterity and visibility alike, in order to empower the excluded. My research project aims to examine the phobias directed at supposed strangers and attempts to fight this intolerance as an opposition is strengthening against the prejudiced perceptions. This project examines linkages among sexism, anti-Semitism and other phobias – and, above all, opposition to them. It focuses on the picture of the Other when Europe is witnessing the rise of an uncivil society with its sexist, racist, anti-Semitic, homo- and xenophobic as well as Islamophobic ideology and iconography. This project explores the ideas and images of the Other produced by the far right, as well as initiatives that oppose them in a civil society: political philosophy and visual culture. An impact of this action is to maximise my contribution to society through a diagnosis of the cultural representations to the Other and recommendations to adopt an ethics of hospitality (according to Jacques Derrida ethics, culture and hospitality are synonymous). This advanced training will also enhance my competence diversification.
Year 2012
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32729 Project

Studying and Evaluating the Role of the Media in Migrant Integration: Introductory remarks for the MEDIVA project

Authors Anna TRIANDAFYLLIDOU, Iryna ULASIUK
Description
Studying and Evaluating the Role of the Media in Migrant Integration: Introductory remarks for the MEDIVA project Europe has experienced important tensions between national majorities and ethnic or religious minorities, more particularly with migrants and their offspring during the past ten years. These tensions largely understood as an ethnic or religious issue have been however exacerbated by the global financial crisis that has hit all EU countries (even if at varying degrees) since 2008. Indeed at these times of economic crisis, rising unemployment and increasing insecurity, non EU citizens who reside in EU countries tend to become the target of xenophobic and racist attitudes. In this context, the question of third country nationals’ (TCN) integration becomes all the more pressing to preserve social cohesion and also to help EU societies overcome the crisis. The media have a role to play under these circumstances in promoting policy discourses and media representations that are pro-integration and not immigrant-phobic. The importance of this role is acknowledged by politicians, policy makers, scholars and migrants/minorities themselves. There have been several initiatives initiated by European institutions such as the Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA), Directorate General for Employment and Social Affairs (DG EMPL), the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), which have aimed at strengthening the capacity of the media to reflect diversity. Several studies have identified best practices and have presented these with a view to raising awareness among media companies and media professionals. Hard facts and figures are needed to assess and plan pro-integration policies and practices. These should be derived from both qualitative and quantitative measurements. Regular and thorough analysis of different aspects of media production can lead to re-balancing of the output in favour of negatively stereotyped immigrant groups. The MEDIVA project adopts this view and capitalizes on the work done so far by combining it with a series of in-depth interviews with senior journalists across six member states (Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, the UK) with a view to understanding better how journalists and other media professionals assess the tools they have so far in dealing with migrant diversity (recruitment/employment conditions, training provided, codes of ethics, knowledge about diversity and how all these are combined in everyday work in news making and programme production). The MEDIVA project will use this added knowledge to create a set of Indicators of Media Capacity to Reflect Diversity and Promote Migrant Integration. This project builds on the existing work but also goes a step further from the studies that exist so far which have generally provided for best practice knowledge, training tool kits and media content analysis but have notyet created a tool for self-/otherassessment and monitoring of the media on reflecting diversity and promoting TCN integration. This paper provides definitions for key terms used in the project, demarcating the field of study and clarifying the project’s objectives.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32731 Report

Politics and the migration-development nexus: the EU and the Arab SEM countries

Authors Françoise DE BEL-AIR
Description
In the hope of regulating migratory flows, the European Council endorsed a “global approach” to migration in December 2005, an approach which is based on the correction of the “deep causes of migration”: poverty, unemployment and development gaps between North and South. Besides liberalising economies and trade systems, a set of measures are advocated in order to enhance home countries’ development by using “migration [as a] medicine against migration”: stimulating the remittance of funds back to the country of origin; expanding the role of diasporas settled in member states; reinforcing circular migration schemes and facilitating return movements; and improving the management of the emigration of the highly-skilled in order to curb “brain drain”. The paper focuses on the Arab South and East Mediterranean (SEM) countries. It challenges the views, implicit in EU migration policies, that migration is entirely rooted in economics and that migrants’ agency alone is able to spur development in the origin country. Using the theoretical background of political economy with a neo-institutional approach to migration, it explores the stakes, the outreaches and the outcomes of the migration and development nexus. By so doing, it re-politicizes migration and development and emphasises the structural and contextual dimension of factors pushing on migration and hampering development: unemployment and high professional turn over; economic liberalisation and deregulation policies, and socio-political “blockages” (gender inequalities, patronage, clientelism and corruption, lack of public expression). Moreover, the analysis of SEM country practices in the field of migration management and engineering migration for development shows how the design of policies and the channelling of flows respond to political and demographic stakes in the various national contexts. Migration patterns act as a political shield for regimes in the region that: allows these regimes to monitor political opposition; renews socio-cultural elites; and decreases the economic opportunities in national economies, due to corruption and patronage. Current policies also reconstruct state-society/expatriates relations, through (controlled) economic participation and socio-cultural solidarity. They do not, however, lead to political participation. The paper thus concludes that amendments to macro-political contexts in the SEM countries are more likely than liberalisation policies to curb emigration flows, by engineering global social and political development. As a matter of fact, the onset and patterns of the Arab revolutions since December 2010 aptly confirm the need for political reform in the region. Adoptée par le Conseil européen en décembre 2005, l’Approche globale des migrations est axée sur la correction des « causes profondes de la migration » (la pauvreté, le chômage, les écarts de développement entre nord et sud) afin d’en réguler les flux. Parmi les mesures préconisées figurent la facilitation de l’envoi de fonds vers les pays d’origine (transparence des coûts, développement de l’accès aux services financiers), l’encouragement du rôle des diasporas implantées dans les États membres (aider les pays en développement à identifier leur diaspora et à établir des liens), le renforcement de la migration circulaire et la facilitation du retour, une meilleure gestion des migrations de personnes hautement qualifiées afin de limiter la « fuite des cerveaux ». Cette étude traite des pays arabes du sud et de l’est de la Méditerranée (SEM). Elle met en question les représentations, contenues dans les politiques migratoires de l’UE, de la migration comme facteur purement économique, mais aussi des migrants comme agents d’un développement à grande échelle dans leurs pays d’origine. Le cadre théorique de l’économie politique et les approches néo-institutionnelles des migrations, utilisés ici, permettent de dégager les enjeux et la portée du lien entre migration et développement sur le terrain arabe. L’étude ‘re-politise’ ces deux processus. Elle met en relief la dimension structurelle des facteurs déclenchant l’émigration et entravant les processus de développement : les caractéristiques du marché du travail, les politiques de libéralisation des économies et les « blocages » sociopolitiques (inégalités hommes-femmes, clientélisme et corruption, obstacles à l’expression publique). En outre, l’analyse des politiques migratoires menées dans les pays du SEM montre que ces mesures répondent aux enjeux politiques et démographiques particuliers aux divers contextes nationaux de la région. Elles permettent aux régimes en place de contrôler l’opposition politique, le renouvellement des élites socioculturelles et les conséquences de la contraction des opportunités économiques, due à la corruption et au clientélisme. Les politiques migratoires participent également d’une restructuration des relations États-sociétés-expatriés autour d’une participation économique (étroitement contrôlée) et d’une solidarité socioculturelle, mais excluant toute participation politique. L’étude conclut donc que des réformes des contextes sociaux et politiques dans les pays du SEM seraient plus à même d’agir sur les flux migratoires que les réformes néolibérales. Le déclenchement des révoltes arabes en décembre 2010 confirme d’ailleurs l’urgence de ces réformes politiques.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32732 Report

Politics and the migration-development nexus: the EU and the Arab SEM countries

Authors Françoise DE BEL-AIR
Description
In the hope of regulating migratory flows, the European Council endorsed a “global approach” to migration in December 2005, an approach which is based on the correction of the “deep causes of migration”: poverty, unemployment and development gaps between North and South. Besides liberalising economies and trade systems, a set of measures are advocated in order to enhance home countries’ development by using “migration [as a] medicine against migration”: stimulating the remittance of funds back to the country of origin; expanding the role of diasporas settled in member states; reinforcing circular migration schemes and facilitating return movements; and improving the management of the emigration of the highly-skilled in order to curb “brain drain”. The paper focuses on the Arab South and East Mediterranean (SEM) countries. It challenges the views, implicit in EU migration policies, that migration is entirely rooted in economics and that migrants’ agency alone is able to spur development in the origin country. Using the theoretical background of political economy with a neo-institutional approach to migration, it explores the stakes, the outreaches and the outcomes of the migration and development nexus. By so doing, it re-politicizes migration and development and emphasises the structural and contextual dimension of factors pushing on migration and hampering development: unemployment and high professional turn over; economic liberalisation and deregulation policies, and socio-political “blockages” (gender inequalities, patronage, clientelism and corruption, lack of public expression). Moreover, the analysis of SEM country practices in the field of migration management and engineering migration for development shows how the design of policies and the channelling of flows respond to political and demographic stakes in the various national contexts. Migration patterns act as a political shield for regimes in the region that: allows these regimes to monitor political opposition; renews socio-cultural elites; and decreases the economic opportunities in national economies, due to corruption and patronage. Current policies also reconstruct state-society/expatriates relations, through (controlled) economic participation and socio-cultural solidarity. They do not, however, lead to political participation. The paper thus concludes that amendments to macro-political contexts in the SEM countries are more likely than liberalisation policies to curb emigration flows, by engineering global social and political development. As a matter of fact, the onset and patterns of the Arab revolutions since December 2010 aptly confirm the need for political reform in the region. Adoptée par le Conseil européen en décembre 2005, l’Approche globale des migrations est axée sur la correction des « causes profondes de la migration » (la pauvreté, le chômage, les écarts de développement entre nord et sud) afin d’en réguler les flux. Parmi les mesures préconisées figurent la facilitation de l’envoi de fonds vers les pays d’origine (transparence des coûts, développement de l’accès aux services financiers), l’encouragement du rôle des diasporas implantées dans les États membres (aider les pays en développement à identifier leur diaspora et à établir des liens), le renforcement de la migration circulaire et la facilitation du retour, une meilleure gestion des migrations de personnes hautement qualifiées afin de limiter la « fuite des cerveaux ». Cette étude traite des pays arabes du sud et de l’est de la Méditerranée (SEM). Elle met en question les représentations, contenues dans les politiques migratoires de l’UE, de la migration comme facteur purement économique, mais aussi des migrants comme agents d’un développement à grande échelle dans leurs pays d’origine. Le cadre théorique de l’économie politique et les approches néo-institutionnelles des migrations, utilisés ici, permettent de dégager les enjeux et la portée du lien entre migration et développement sur le terrain arabe. L’étude ‘re-politise’ ces deux processus. Elle met en relief la dimension structurelle des facteurs déclenchant l’émigration et entravant les processus de développement : les caractéristiques du marché du travail, les politiques de libéralisation des économies et les « blocages » sociopolitiques (inégalités hommes-femmes, clientélisme et corruption, obstacles à l’expression publique). En outre, l’analyse des politiques migratoires menées dans les pays du SEM montre que ces mesures répondent aux enjeux politiques et démographiques particuliers aux divers contextes nationaux de la région. Elles permettent aux régimes en place de contrôler l’opposition politique, le renouvellement des élites socioculturelles et les conséquences de la contraction des opportunités économiques, due à la corruption et au clientélisme. Les politiques migratoires participent également d’une restructuration des relations États-sociétés-expatriés autour d’une participation économique (étroitement contrôlée) et d’une solidarité socioculturelle, mais excluant toute participation politique. L’étude conclut donc que des réformes des contextes sociaux et politiques dans les pays du SEM seraient plus à même d’agir sur les flux migratoires que les réformes néolibérales. Le déclenchement des révoltes arabes en décembre 2010 confirme d’ailleurs l’urgence de ces réformes politiques.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32733 Report

Conceptualizing Professional Diaspora: International Medical Graduates in Canada

Authors Elena Neiterman, Ivy Lynn Bourgeault
Year 2011
Journal Name Journal of International Migration and Integration
32735 Journal Article

Reminiscences, Patriotism, Participation: Approaching External Voting in Ecuadorian Immigration to Italy

Authors Paolo Boccagni
Year 2011
Journal Name International Migration
32737 Journal Article

Engagement Policies and Practices: Expanding the Citizenship of the Brazilian Diaspora

Authors Beatriz Padilla
Year 2011
Journal Name International Migration
32738 Journal Article

Genre et migration au Liban

Authors Hassan JOUNI
Description
La femme possède un statut bien avancé au sein de la société libanaise : la Constitution libanaise proclame l’égalité entre les citoyens. Quelques lois et pratiques restent, toutefois, discriminatoires à l’égard de la femme, notamment la loi sur la nationalité et la loi sur le statut personnel. Une discrimination sociale très grave existe en ce qui concerne les femmes travaillant à domicile; elles subissent plusieurs formes de racisme et d’exploitation, et leur protection juridique est très faible - une situation qui encourage la traite et a poussé plusieurs Etats à interdire à leurs citoyens de travailler au Liban en tant que domestiques. La réglementation distingue quatre catégories d’étrangers travaillant au Liban ; seulement deux catégories peuvent y faire venir leurs familles. Pour améliorer le statut de la femme, beaucoup d’efforts sont encore à fournir, notamment au niveau de la justice et de la ratification de nombre de conventions internationales. Le statut de la femme au Liban est acceptable pour les femmes immigrées, à l’exception des femmes qui travaillent en tant que domestiques : une situation qui nous permet de dire qu’elles ne constituent pas un groupe social opprimé au sens de la Convention de 1951. Abstract : Women have good status in Lebanese society: the Lebanese constitution insists on equality between citizens. Some laws and practices, however, remain discriminatory, especially the law on nationality and the law on personal status. Women working as domestic workers are grossly discriminated against; they suffer from racism and exploitation and they have little legal protection. This situation fosters trafficking and has led several states to forbid their nationals from working as domestic workers in Lebanon. Regulation distinguishes four categories of foreign workers in Lebanon; only two categories can have their family join them. Much still needs to be done to improve the status of women, in particular in the justice sector and several international conventions have not yet been ratified. The status of women in Lebanon is acceptable for immigrant women with the exception of domestic workers. Women are not an oppressed social group in the sense of the 1951 Convention.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32739 Report

Gender and Migration. The case of Sudan

Authors Amna Omer MOHAMED-ALI
Description
Although female migration is on the rise, research studies with a gender perspective are scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, this paper represents a pioneer work aimed at analyzing female migration from Sudan. The emigration of Sudanese women to neighboring countries is addressed as it represents the largest share in Sudanese female emigration. Being historically family-driven, female emigration from Sudan is today increasingly characterized by independent women leaving the country with the hope of improving their work and life conditions. The recent shift from family- to labor-driven emigration is due mainly to the increase in the proportion of women enrolled in formal education, which in turn has meant a rise in their participation in the labor market. The scarcity of opportunities for newcomers in the Sudanese labor market is today the main reason for outward migration from Sudan. Meanwhile, war and civil conflicts have been an important trigger to female emigration creating, in most cases, refugees. The paper also discusses female emigration in non-African countries and argues that the push factors give impetus to migratory processes that cut across the regional and ethnic boundaries of Sudanese society. / Bien que le phénomène de la migration féminine s’inscrive en pleine croissance, les analyses intégrant une dimension genre sont rares et fragmentaires. A ce titre, cette note représente un travail pilote visant à dresser une analyse de l’émigration féminine soudanaise. Cette émigration vers les pays du voisinage attire l’attention du chercheur, dans la mesure où elle représente la proportion la plus large parmi l’émigration féminine soudanaise. Fondée, dans un premier temps, sur des motifs d’ordre familial, l’émigration féminine soudanaise est aujourd’hui davantage caractérisée par le profil d’une femme indépendante quittant le pays d’origine avec pour objectif double l’amélioration des conditions de travail et de vie. Le glissement récemment opéré d’une émigration essentiellement fondée sur des motifs d’ordre familial à une émigration motivée par des impératifs lies à l’emploi s’explique essentiellement au regard de l’augmentation de la proportion de femmes éduquées avec un impact conséquent sur leur participation accrue au marché du travail. La rareté des opportunités pour les nouveaux immigrés au sein du marché du travail soudanais justifie hautement l’émigration en partance du Soudan. Parallèlement, les guerres et conflits civils ont constamment représenté un levier encourageant l’émigration féminine, allant jusqu’à acquérir le statut de réfugié. Cette note analyse, en outre, l’émigration féminine à destination de pays non-africains, et part du postulat que ces différents facteurs sous-jacents les mouvements migratoires agissent sur les processus migratoires à échelle régionale, et peu important les frontières ethniques traversant la société soudanaise.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32740 Report

Gender politics and migration policies in Jordan

Authors Françoise DE BEL-AIR
Description
This paper tackles the socio-political aspects of gender and migration in Jordan. Our concern is to figure out whether and, if so, how public debate, institutional setup and specific governmental or government-approved policies targeting migrant women are gendered, i.e., how gender policies articulate with migratory policies, how gender determines migrants’ experience, in terms of, for instance, life cycle and employment. We also inquire about the purposes of such policies. Our main conclusion is that, though public debate is indeed gendered, migration policies are not. On immigration, gender does not have priority over other characteristics of the migrant in the overall policy-making process on migration. However, there exists an economic sector-selective gendering of policies targeting female migrants in Jordan. This process is rooted in the political necessity of engineering female and migrant issues to respond to Jordanian nationals’ concerns. As for females’ emigration and, especially, a new trend involving mainly unmarried skilled young women directed at the Arab Gulf States, it has been so far ignored in the public debate, caught between the ‘open door’ policy and the institutional setup of Jordan’s ‘blocked society’. In the Jordanian context, migration, indeed, hardly allows female empowerment let alone female immigrants in Jordan. Therefore the paper advocates a stronger involvement on the part of sending countries’ in the defence of their nationals employed abroad, especially given the situation of female English domestic workers. / Cet article traite des aspects sociopolitiques de la relation entre genre et migration en Jordanie. Nous cherchons à comprendre si et comment le débat public, le contexte institutionnel et les politiques gouvernementales (ou soutenues par le gouvernement) visant les femmes migrantes sont genrées. Comment les politiques dans le domaine du genre s’articulent-elles aux politiques migratoires ? En quoi le genre détermine-t-il l’expérience des migrants, en termes de cycle de vie, de travail et d’emploi, par exemple ? Nous nous intéressons également aux objectifs de ces politiques. La conclusion principale de ce rapport est la suivante : le débat public prend en compte la question du genre mais les politiques migratoires l’ignorent le plus souvent. Concernant l’immigration, nous montrons que le genre ne pèse pas plus que d’autres facteurs dans le processus global de conception et de mise en œuvre des politiques migratoires. Cependant, on peut repérer une sélection par le genre dans certains secteurs économiques ouverts aux travailleurs immigrés, dont l’exemple le plus emblématique est l’emploi domestique. Ce processus a pour origine la nécessité politique d’instrumentaliser les questions de la femme et de la migration en réponse aux préoccupations des citoyens jordaniens. La question de l’émigration des femmes, en particulier le récent mouvement de femmes jeunes et célibataires vers les pays du Golfe, est pour sa part absente du débat public. Celui-ci reste en effet prisonnier de la politique de la « porte ouverte » mais surtout du contexte institutionnel d'une société jordanienne « bloquée ». Le contexte jordanien n’est donc pas toujours propice à l’autonomisation (empowerment) des femmes jordaniennes mais encore moins à celle des migrantes étrangères. Notre étude appelle donc les autorités des pays d’origine des migrantes à s’investir plus fortement dans la défense des intérêts de leurs ressortissantes expatriées, et de manière urgente dans celle des domestiques asiatiques.
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32741 Report

Experiencing Ethnic Economies: Brazilian Immigrants and Returnees

Authors Alan P. Marcus
Year 2011
Journal Name Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies
32742 Journal Article

Partitions, identities and intercultural education: an exploration of some key issues

Authors Leslie Bash
Year 2011
Journal Name INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32743 Journal Article

INTERCULTURAL ENCOUNTERS IN TOURISM. STANCES OF THE LOCAL POPULATION OF SLOVENE ISTRIA TOWARD TOURISM AND TOURISTS

Authors Zorana Medaric
Year 2011
Journal Name ANNALES-ANALI ZA ISTRSKE IN MEDITERANSKE STUDIJE-SERIES HISTORIA ET SOCIOLOGIA
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32744 Journal Article

Refugee Repatriation and Local Politics in Angola: Conflict and Creativity Following the Return of Chiefs and Party Functionaries

Principal investigator Katharina Inhetveen (Principal Investigator), Martin Sökefeld (Principal Investigator)
Description
Migration and return migration are challenging phenomena of creativity and adaptation, both in past and contemporary Africa. They cause changes in local structures and induce conflicts, which propel further cycles of adaptation and creativity by locals and migrants.The project focuses on the political dimension of such changes by analyzing the case of returning Angolan refugees after years or decades in Zambian refugee camps. More specifically, it studies the return of refugees who held political positions prior to their flight from Angola, either as neo-traditional chiefs or as functionaries of the UNITA party/rebel group. The project addresses a twofold question. Firstly, it is asked what kinds of repercussions are invoked by the return of such refugees and their re-immersion into the local political structures which will have changed during their years of absence. What kind of political order emerges from the interaction between returned political leaders and those who stayed? Secondly, it is asked how this new political order is influenced by the experiences of the returnees during their time as camp refugees. In particular, the project will examine the influence, if any, of their exposure to the international refugee regime, which propagates humanitarian and democratic values (often seen as Western values) in the camps. Has this experience shaped the new political engagement in Angola of local leaders, who have returned after staying in the refugee camps of Zambia?
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32745 Project

Migration and Culture

Authors Robin Cohen
Year 2011
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32746 Book

Polityka uchodźcza w Polsce. Ewolucja "pola uchodźczego" w latach 1990-2011

Year 2011
Journal Name Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
32747 Journal Article
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