Extraterritorialisation (multi- and bi-national)

Extraterritorialisation relates to processes of transferring or delegating tasks related to migration control to third countries. It is also referred to in the literature as the externalisation of migration governance or policies. Externalisation of migration control to third countries can be done at multi or bi-lateral levels. Results displayed under this category refer to any processes related to the externalisation or extraterritorialisation of governance.

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Member State responsibility for migration control within third states : externalisation revisited

Authors Frank MCNAMARA
Year 2013
Journal Name European Journal of Migration and Law
Citations (WoS) 5
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1 Journal Article

National approaches of EU Member States in concluding bilateral social security agreements with third countries

Authors Frans Pennings
Year 2018
Journal Name European Journal of Social Security
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4 Journal Article

The Global Mobility Infrastructure: Reconceptualising the Externalisation of Migration Control

Authors Thomas Spijkerboer
Year 2018
Journal Name European Journal of Migration and Law
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5 Journal Article

Closing Ports of Safety: A Legitimate Strategy of Migration Control?

Authors Lena Riemer
Year 2019
Journal Name Zeitschrift für Flüchtlingsforschung
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6 Journal Article

Three-level games in EU external migration policy : negotiating mobility partnerships in West Africa

Authors Natasja RESLOW, Maarten Peter VINK
Year 2015
Journal Name JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies
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7 Journal Article

Extraterritorial Migration Control And Human Rights: Preserving The Responsibility Of The Eu And Its Member States

Authors Evelien Brouwer
Year 2018
Book Title Extraterritorial Immigration Control
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8 Book Chapter

The Externalisation Of European Migration Control And The Reach Of International Refugee Law

Authors T. Gammeltoft-Hansen
Year 2018
Book Title The First Decade of EU Migration and Asylum Law
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9 Book Chapter

Inside Out and Outside In: COVID-19 and the Reconfiguration of Europe's External Border Controls

Authors Ruben Zaiotti, Nafisa A. Abdulhamid
Year 2021
Journal Name HISTORICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH-HISTORISCHE SOZIALFORSCHUNG
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10 Journal Article

Contested externalisation: responses to global inequalities

Authors Thomas Faist
Year 2019
Journal Name Comparative Migration Studies
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11 Journal Article

Closing Legal Black Holes: The Role of Extraterritorial Jurisdiction in Refugee Rights Protection

Authors T. De Boer, Tom de Boer
Year 2015
Journal Name Journal of Refugee Studies
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13 Journal Article

Migration Control à la Khartoum: EU External Engagement and Human Rights Protection in the Horn of Africa

Authors Lutz Oette, Mohamed Abdelsalam Babiker
Year 2017
Journal Name Refugee Survey Quarterly
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14 Journal Article

Healthcare and complicity in Australian immigration detention

Authors Ryan Essex
Year 2016
Journal Name MONASH BIOETHICS REVIEW
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15 Journal Article

Examining the Global North Migration Policies: A “Push Out – Push Back” Approach to Forced Migration

Authors Witold Klaus, Marta Pachocka
Year 2019
Journal Name International Migration
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16 Journal Article

Recent Developments in eu Law on Migration: The Legislative Patchwork and the Court’s Approach

Authors Kees Groenendijk
Year 2014
Journal Name European Journal of Migration and Law
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17 Journal Article

Transnational and transformational: Mixtec immigration and health beliefs

Authors JI Grieshop
Year 1997
Journal Name Human Organization
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18 Journal Article

Process in the Community, Detain Offshore or 'Turn Back the Boats'? Predicting Australian Asylum-seeker Policy Support from False Beliefs, Prejudice and Political Ideology

Authors Lisa Hartley, Joel R. Anderson, Anne Pedersen
Year 2019
Journal Name JOURNAL OF REFUGEE STUDIES
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19 Journal Article

‘Street-level’ agents operating beyond ‘remote control’: how overseas liaison officers and foreign state officials shape UK extraterritorial migration management

Authors Nicole Ostrand, Paul Statham
Year 2020
Journal Name Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
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20 Journal Article

The Borders Beyond the Border: Australia’s Extraterritorial Migration Controls

Authors Asher Lazarus Hirsch
Year 2017
Journal Name Refugee Survey Quarterly
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21 Journal Article

Action for Unity: What America is Doing to Push Back Racial and Religious Barriers.

Authors Edward W. Blakeman, Goodwin Watson
Year 1948
Journal Name American Sociological Review
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22 Journal Article

Protection Deficit: The Failure of Australia’s Offshore Processing Arrangements to Guarantee ‘Protection Elsewhere’ in the Pacific

Authors Madeline Gleeson
Year 2019
Journal Name International Journal Of Refugee Law
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24 Journal Article

Despair as a Governing Strategy: Australia and the Offshore Processing of Asylum-Seekers on Nauru

Authors C. Fleay, S. Hoffman
Year 2014
Journal Name Refugee Survey Quarterly
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25 Journal Article

Analysis of the EU-Turkey Readmission Agreement: a Unique Case

Authors Cigdem Akin Yavuz
Year 2019
Journal Name European Journal of Migration and Law
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26 Journal Article

Structural estimation of pairwise stable networks with nonnegative externality

Authors Yuhei Miyauchi
Year 2016
Journal Name JOURNAL OF ECONOMETRICS
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27 Journal Article

The turbulence of migration: globalization, deterritorialization and hybridity

Authors G Dale
Year 2001
Journal Name Race & Class
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28 Journal Article

'Closure' at Manus Island and carceral expansion in the open air prison

Authors Maria Giannacopoulos, Claire Loughnan
Year 2020
Journal Name GLOBALIZATIONS
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29 Journal Article

Economic man and diffused sovereignty: a critique of Australia's asylum regime

Authors Michael Welch
Year 2014
Journal Name CRIME LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE
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30 Journal Article

Migration, mobility and globaloney: metaphors and rhetoric in the sociology of globalization

Authors Adrian Favell
Year 2001
Journal Name Global Networks
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31 Journal Article

Denizenship and the Deterritorialization in the EU

Authors Neil WALKER
Year 2008
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32 Working Paper

Member States’ social security agreements with India

Authors Pauline Melin
Year 2018
Journal Name European Journal of Social Security
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33 Journal Article

The impact of normative influence and locus of control on ethical judgments and intentions: A cross-cultural comparison

Authors J Cherry
Year 2006
Journal Name JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS
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34 Journal Article

Prevention and resiliency: A cross cultural view of farmworkers' and farmers' beliefs about work safety

Authors JI Grieshop, MC Stiles, N Villanueva
Year 1996
Journal Name Human Organization
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35 Journal Article

DISPLACEMENTS AND DETERRITORIALIZATION IN LITERATURES IN PORTUGUESE LANGUAGE

Authors Shirley de Souza Gomes Carreira
Year 2016
Journal Name E-SCRITA-REVISTA DO CURSO DE LETRAS DA UNIABEU
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36 Journal Article

Opening the Third Generation: The Search for Long-Lived Fundamental Particles

Description
The OPEN3GEN project will access an entirely new phase space to discover long-lived particles at the Large Hadron Collider. Current data-recording algorithms (“triggers”) do not record directly this type of event at the LHC. My team and I will maximise the experimental sensitivity by developing trigger strategies and reconstruction methods to yield the first datasets that will be sensitive to long-lived particles decaying to third generation particles. This will result, for the first time, in limits on, or observations of, long-lived particles in new lifetime regimes and signatures. In the case of a discovery, a program is proposed to measure the underlying dynamics of the New Physics by accessing information on the mass scale, lifetimes and spin information of the new particles. This proposal evidences my qualities as a creative PI applying specialised abilities to seek out orthogonal, novel activities to push back the boundaries of science.
Year 2018
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37 Project

EU border externalisation and security outsourcing: exploring the migration industry in Libya

Authors Agnese Pacciardi, Joakim Berndtsson
Year 2022
Journal Name Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
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38 Journal Article

THE ENDLESS DETERRITORIALIZATION. IMAGINING CONTEMPORARY PORTUGAL THROUGH THE CHRONICLES BY KALAF EPALANGA

Authors Paolo La Valle
Year 2018
Journal Name VIA ATLANTICA
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39 Journal Article

Les enjeux de la sécurisation de la question migratoire dans les relations de l'Union européenne avec l'Afrique.

Authors Lorenzo Gabrielli
Year 2007
Journal Name Politique européenne
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40 Journal Article

‘Singapore Unlimited’?: Transnational Elites and Negotiations of Social Identity in the Regionalization Process

Authors Brenda S.A. Yeoh, Katie D. Willis
Year 2005
Journal Name Asian and Pacific Migration Journal
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42 Journal Article

A Theory of Foreign Exchange Interventions

Authors Sebastián Fanelli, Ludwig Straub
Year 2021
Journal Name Review of Economic Studies
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43 Journal Article

The European refugee crisis and public support for the externalisation of migration management

Authors Alina Vranceanu, Elias Dinas, Tobias Heidland, ...
Year 2022
Journal Name European Journal of Political Research
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44 Journal Article

Behrouz Boochani's No Friend but the Mountains: A Call for Dignity and Justice

Authors Pilar Royo-Grasa
Year 2021
Journal Name EUROPEAN LEGACY-TOWARD NEW PARADIGMS
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45 Journal Article

Employment and social security rights of third-country nationals under the EU labour migration directives*

Authors Herwig Verschueren
Year 2018
Journal Name European Journal of Social Security
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46 Journal Article

Norm localisation and migration laws in the Maghreb

Authors Ylenia ROCCHINI
Year 2016
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48 Working Paper

Lake District Online: Studies in Book Ecology and Digital Migration

Authors Margaret Linley
Year 2016
Journal Name VICTORIAN STUDIES
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49 Journal Article

Deprivation, Frustration, and Trauma: Immigration Detention Centres as Prisons

Authors Michelle Peterie, Michelle Peterie
Year 2018
Journal Name Refugee Survey Quarterly
Citations (WoS) 1
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50 Journal Article

Australia’s Operation Sovereign Borders: Discourse, Power, and Policy from a Crimmigration Perspective: Table 1.

Authors Patrick van Berlo
Year 2015
Journal Name Refugee Survey Quarterly
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51 Journal Article

Ghana and EU Migration Policy: Studying an African Response to the EU Externalisation Agenda

Authors Ilke Adam, Florian Trauner
Year 2019
Book Title Constitutionalising the External Dimensions of EU Migration Policies in Times of Crisis: Legality, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights Reconsidered
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52 Book Chapter

Effects of Externalisation EU Migration Management in Africa and the Middle East

Principal investigator Cathrine Talleraas (Principal Investigator)
Description
This project examines the effects of the EU’s external migration management policies by zooming in on six countries: Jordan, Lebanon, Ethiopia, Senegal, Ghana and Libya. The countries represent origin, transit and destination countries for mixed migration flows, and differ in terms of governance practices, state capacities, colonial histories, economic development and migration contexts. Bringing together scholars working on different case countries and aspects of the migration policy puzzle, the EFFEXT project explores the broader landscape of migration policy in Africa and the Middle East
Year 2020
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53 Project

Color Crit: Critical Race Theory and the History and Future of Colorism in the United States

Authors Robert L. Reece
Year 2019
Journal Name Journal of Black Studies
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54 Journal Article

Asylum seekers in Europe: the warm glow of a hot potato

Authors Giovanni Facchini, Oliver Lorz, Gerald Willmann
Year 2006
Journal Name Journal of Population Economics
Citations (WoS) 16
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55 Journal Article

Territorial bounds to virtual space: transnational online and offline networks of Iranian and Turkish-Kurdish immigrants in the Netherlands

Authors MATTHIJS VAN DEN BOS, LIZA NELL
Year 2006
Journal Name Global Networks
Citations (WoS) 28
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56 Journal Article

The Commercialization of Migration Control

Authors Rutvica Andrijasevic
Book Title Citizenship and its Others
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57 Book Chapter

Caribbean cruise tourism - Globalization at sea

Authors RE WOOD
Year 2000
Journal Name ANNALS OF TOURISM RESEARCH
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58 Journal Article

Tourism in Uyuni (Bolivia): reconversion, migration and impoverished community, 1996-2013

Authors Damir Galaz-Mandakovic
Year 2017
Journal Name TEORIA Y PRAXIS
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59 Journal Article

Stability through change in Germany's decentralised EU policy coordination

Authors Christian FREUDLSPERGER, Martin WEINRICH
Year 2018
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60 Working Paper

Post-National American Dreaming in Joseph O'Neill's Netherland: The Adversity of Hans van den Broek

Authors Ilka Saal
Year 2017
Journal Name CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES
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62 Journal Article

An overview of telemedicine: The virtual gaze of health care in the next century

Authors A Sinha
Year 2000
Journal Name MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY
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63 Journal Article

Ghana and EU Migration Policy: Studying an African Response to the EU Externalisation Agenda

Year 2019
Book Title Constitutionalising the External Dimensions of EU Migration Policies in Times of Crisis: Legality, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights Reconsidered
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64 Book Chapter

Humanitarian and Human Rights Surveillance: The Challenge to Border Surveillance and Invisibility?

Authors Ozgun Topak
Year 2019
Journal Name SURVEILLANCE & SOCIETY
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65 Journal Article

Some correlates of culture shock among American tourists in Africa

Authors Douglas A. Cort, Michael King
Year 1979
Journal Name International Journal of Intercultural Relations
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66 Journal Article

Constructing Voluntarism: Technologies of ‘intent management’ in Australian Border Controls

Authors Sharon Pickering, Leanne Weber
Book Title New Border and Citizenship Politics
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67 Book Chapter

EU cooperation with third countries in the field of migration

Authors Paula GARCÍA ANDRADE, Iván MARTIN
Description
EU external cooperation in migration and asylum has increased considerably in terms of instruments of cooperation with third partner countries and of funds committed. With the current refugee crisis, it is poised to increase even further. This study, commissioned by the European Parliament's Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, reflects on the imbalances of EU external action as well as on the lack of evidence on the impact and efficiency of EU funding regarding the objectives of the migration policy, which are sometimes conflicting with the development goals. The study brings forward recommendations for rationalization and coordination of action, more balance between the different components of the GAMM, more transparency for a better evaluation and scrutiny, and a reinforced partnership approach with third countries.
Year 2015
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68 Report

The achievement of an area of freedom, security and justice through the EU external relations

Description
This project concerns the way the European Union (EU) can build an area of freedom, security and justice by making use of its powers to enter into international agreements with third countries. The EU has recently acquired the competence to legislate in this area. Very recently, the European Council has put forward the idea that the EU internal action is not enough to build such an area. Challenges to the EU external borders such as illegal immigration and threatens to the EU internal security such as terrorist attacks and organised crime (money laundering, trafficking of human beings, drugs) require the EU to act as an international actor. This is why the EU has started to make use of a wide range of international agreements, affecting cross pillar policies, whose adoption involves various actors such as the Commission, the Council, Europol. The objective of this project is to identify possible legal problems that the European Institutions may face in concluding these agreements. More precisely, the following legal issues will be explored: a) to what extent international agreements are necessary as well as effective to build an area of freedom, security and justice; b) whether the EU is competent to enter into these agreements affecting an ever increasing number of cross pillar policies and to what extent Member States remain competent to conclude international agreements in areas affecting the EU internal security and the EU external borders; c) whether these agreements are coherent; d) whether these agreements create accountability problems, in particular as far as the Europol’s agreements are concerned. This project is in line with the objectives of the Work Programme for experienced researcher since it is intended to expand the applicant’s competences in a new area of research and is based on a multidisciplinarity approach. This proposed shift of research interests will enable the applicant to strengthen her chances of being appointed Professor.
Year 2008
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69 Project

Inner-Outer Lane Advantage in Olympic 1000 Meter Speed Skating

Authors Richard Kamst, Gerard H. Kuper, Gerard Sierksma, ...
Year 2012
Journal Name JAHRBUCHER FUR NATIONALOKONOMIE UND STATISTIK
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70 Journal Article

Violent Ignorance: Confronting Racism and Migration Control

Authors Simranjit Khalsa
Year 2021
Journal Name Sociology of Race and Ethnicity
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71 Journal Article

The (surprising?) nonchalance of migration control agents

Authors Tobias G. Eule
Year 2018
Journal Name Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Citations (WoS) 1
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72 Journal Article

Migration Control At Sea: The Italian Case

Authors Alessia Di Pascale
Year 2018
Book Title Extraterritorial Immigration Control
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73 Book Chapter

Fast Refugee Protection: Temporality and Migration Control

Year 2021
Journal Name SOCIAL & LEGAL STUDIES
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75 Journal Article

The Extra-Territorialisation of EU Migration Policies and the Rule of Law

Authors Jorrit J. RIJPMA, Marise CREMONA
Year 2007
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76 Working Paper

Immigration Policy and State Power

Authors Yasha Daniel Maccanico
Year 2021
Journal Name Societies
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77 Journal Article

Suicidality in detention centres: a case study

Authors Jurgita Rimkeviciene, John O'Gorman, Diego De Leo, ...
Year 2017
Journal Name International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care
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78 Journal Article

Historicising ‘asylum’ and responsibility

Authors Prem Kumar Rajaram
Year 2013
Journal Name Citizenship Studies
Citations (WoS) 2
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79 Journal Article

Individualism during Crises

Authors Bo Bian, Jingjing Li, Ting Xu, ...
Year 2021
Journal Name The Review of Economics and Statistics
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80 Journal Article

Skilled Labour Migration and Positive Externality: The Case of Turkish Engineers Working Abroad

Authors Senay Gokbayrak
Year 2012
Journal Name INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
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81 Journal Article

Traffic safety and vehicle choice: quantifying the effects of the arms race' on American roads

Authors Shanjun Li
Year 2012
Journal Name JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMETRICS
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82 Journal Article

Interregional equilibrium with heterogeneous labor

Authors P Michel, JF Thisse, A Perrot, ...
Year 1996
Journal Name Journal of Population Economics
Citations (WoS) 8
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83 Journal Article

MARIERRE: SYMBOL OF THE RESISTANCE AND AFFIRMATION OF THE BLACK BEING IN THE AMAZON

Authors Benedito Lelio Costa, Vilma Aparecida de Pinho
Year 2020
Journal Name HUMANIDADES & INOVACAO
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84 Journal Article

A Twentieth-Century Triangle Trade: Selling Black Beauty at Home and Abroad, 1945-1965

Authors Malia McAndrew
Year 2010
Journal Name ENTERPRISE & SOCIETY
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85 Journal Article

‘Out in the blue of Europe’: modernist cosmopolitan identity and the deterritorialization of belonging

Authors Ulrike M. Vieten
Year 2006
Journal Name Patterns of Prejudice
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86 Journal Article

Selective Europeanization: Europe’s Impact on Spanish Migration Control

Authors Margit Fauser
Book Title The Europeanization of National Policies and Politics of Immigration
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87 Book Chapter

Theorizing mobility through concepts and figures

Authors Noel Salazar
Year 2018
Journal Name Tempo Social
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88 Journal Article

Producing Spaces for Representation: Racist Marches, Counterdemonstrations, and Public-Order Policing

Authors Mattias Wahlström, Mattias Wahlstrom
Year 2010
Journal Name Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
Citations (WoS) 5
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89 Journal Article

The Role of the State in Migration Control

Authors Aoife McMahon
Year 2018
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90 Book

Migration Control in Germany and the United States

Authors Dita Vogel, D Vogel
Year 2000
Journal Name International Migration Review
Citations (WoS) 27
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91 Journal Article

Migration Control in Germany and the United States

Authors Dita Vogel
Year 2000
Journal Name International Migration Review
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92 Journal Article

Deterritorialization and Reterritorialization of the Orisha Religion in Africa and the New World (Nigeria, Cuba and the United States)

Authors Erwan Dianteill
Year 2002
Journal Name International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
Citations (WoS) 10
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93 Journal Article

The Poetics and Practice of Iranian Nostalgia in Exile

Authors Hamid Naficy
Year 1991
Journal Name Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies
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95 Journal Article

La migration hautement qualifiée de, à travers et vers le Sénégal

Authors Adrien DIOH
Description
Plusieurs facteurs tant historique, politique, géographique qu’économique font que le Sénégal constitue, depuis l’accession à l’indépendance, à la fois un pays d’émigration, d’immigration et de transit. Mais alors qu’il est communément admis que, lorsqu’elle est bien encadrée, la migration des personnes hautement qualifiées peut être mutuellement bénéfique aux pays de départ et aux pays d’accueil, elle n’a pas fait l’objet d’une réglementation spécifique. La raison réside, probablement, dans l’absence d’une politique migratoire nationale attestée, entre autres, par la profusion d’institutions intervenant en la matière. Certains facteurs comme l’appartenance à la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) qui érige un principe de liberté de circulation et d’établissement des citoyens de cette région et la consécration, en droit social sénégalais, d’un principe de non discrimination entre travailleurs étrangers et travailleurs autochtones peuvent être perçues, a priori, comme favorisant l’immigration. En revanche, la signature avec des pays tiers de conventions bilatérales en matière d’emploi et de main d’œuvre combinée à la suppression, depuis 1981, de l’autorisation préalable de sortie du territoire national constituent autant d’éléments susceptibles d’impacter positivement sur l’émigration. Il convient toutefois de ne pas surestimer la portée de ces différents facteurs puisque non seulement le principe de non discrimination souffre quelques exceptions mais en plus les conventions bilatérales en matière de main d’œuvre ne s’adossent pas toujours sur des conventions de sécurité sociale. Several reasons – historical, political, geographical and economic – explain why Senegal has been a country of emigration, of immigration and of transit since its independence. While highly-skilled migration, when it is well managed, can be beneficial for the country of origin as well as the host country, it has not been regulated in Senegal. This may be because of the lack of a real national migratory policy or, indeed, because of the profusion of competent institutions. Some features may be seen as encouraging immigration: being part of the ECOWAS (Economic Community Of West African States) which advocates for citizens’ freedom of movement and residence in this region; and non-discrimination between national and foreign workers. On the other hand, some elements may encourage emigration: bilateral labour agreements with third countries; and the suppression in 1981 of the exit visa for citizens. It is important, however, not to overestimate these factors, since the principle of non discrimination is not always respected, and the bilateral agreements are not always linked to social security conventions.
Year 2010
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96 Report

La migration hautement qualifiée de, à travers et vers le Sénégal

Authors Adrien DIOH
Description
Plusieurs facteurs tant historique, politique, géographique qu’économique font que le Sénégal constitue, depuis l’accession à l’indépendance, à la fois un pays d’émigration, d’immigration et de transit. Mais alors qu’il est communément admis que, lorsqu’elle est bien encadrée, la migration des personnes hautement qualifiées peut être mutuellement bénéfique aux pays de départ et aux pays d’accueil, elle n’a pas fait l’objet d’une réglementation spécifique. La raison réside, probablement, dans l’absence d’une politique migratoire nationale attestée, entre autres, par la profusion d’institutions intervenant en la matière. Certains facteurs comme l’appartenance à la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO) qui érige un principe de liberté de circulation et d’établissement des citoyens de cette région et la consécration, en droit social sénégalais, d’un principe de non discrimination entre travailleurs étrangers et travailleurs autochtones peuvent être perçues, a priori, comme favorisant l’immigration. En revanche, la signature avec des pays tiers de conventions bilatérales en matière d’emploi et de main d’œuvre combinée à la suppression, depuis 1981, de l’autorisation préalable de sortie du territoire national constituent autant d’éléments susceptibles d’impacter positivement sur l’émigration. Il convient toutefois de ne pas surestimer la portée de ces différents facteurs puisque non seulement le principe de non discrimination souffre quelques exceptions mais en plus les conventions bilatérales en matière de main d’œuvre ne s’adossent pas toujours sur des conventions de sécurité sociale. Several reasons – historical, political, geographical and economic – explain why Senegal has been a country of emigration, of immigration and of transit since its independence. While highly-skilled migration, when it is well managed, can be beneficial for the country of origin as well as the host country, it has not been regulated in Senegal. This may be because of the lack of a real national migratory policy or, indeed, because of the profusion of competent institutions. Some features may be seen as encouraging immigration: being part of the ECOWAS (Economic Community Of West African States) which advocates for citizens’ freedom of movement and residence in this region; and non-discrimination between national and foreign workers. On the other hand, some elements may encourage emigration: bilateral labour agreements with third countries; and the suppression in 1981 of the exit visa for citizens. It is important, however, not to overestimate these factors, since the principle of non discrimination is not always respected, and the bilateral agreements are not always linked to social security conventions.
Year 2010
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97 Report

The International Law Of The Sea And Migration Control

Authors Richard Barnes
Year 2018
Book Title Extraterritorial Immigration Control
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98 Book Chapter
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