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La migration hautement qualifiée au Tchad

Authors Djatto DJONATA
Description
Depuis son accession à l’indépendance, le Tchad a connu une situation politique tumultueuse qui a favorisé un mouvement de population vers l’intérieur et vers l’extérieur. Le cadre juridique des migrations est basé sur les instruments internationaux et nationaux. Sur le plan international, le Tchad a signé de nombreux accords bilatéraux et multilatéraux avec des pays ou organisations dans deux buts : disposer d’une main d’œuvre hautement qualifiée et assurer la formation des futurs cadres tchadiens qui, pour la plupart, ne sont pas retournés au pays. Sur le plan interne, les constitutions, les lois et les textes d’application créent un cadre favorisant l’entrée des non nationaux au Tchad en vue de l’aider à atteindre les objectifs énoncés. Trois catégories de migrants relèvent du phénomène de la guerre civile vécue au Tchad pendant plus de quatre décennies. Il est observé que ceux qui étaient envoyés avec des bourses pour étudier ont fini par s’installer ailleurs après une haute qualification obtenue grâce à la prise en charge par leur communauté nationale. Une deuxième catégorie est constituée des demandeurs d’asile qui cherchent à préserver leur vie et celle de leur famille suite aux menaces ou des effets collatéraux de la guerre. La troisième catégorie est formée de hauts cadres qui quittent le pays pour s’enrôler dans les groupes armés. Généralement, ils constituent l’élite des rebellions, s’installent dans les pays d’accueil loin des lieux d’affrontement et ne reviennent que sous la protection d’un accord de paix suivi d’une loi d’amnistie. La migration hautement qualifiée existe mais elle est difficile à maîtriser. Aucune statistique générale et fiable n’est disponible. A ce jour, les services publics ne savent même pas quelle est l’importance du phénomène au Tchad et encore moins à l’extérieur, d’où la nécessité de poursuivre la recherche. Abstract Since independence Chad has experienced political difficulties which have encouraged Chadians to flee both inside and outside the country. The legal framework of migration in Chad is based on national and international acts. At the international level, Chad has signed numerous bilateral and multilateral agreements with countries or organisations for two purposes: keeping highly-qualified labour and assuring training for Chadians, who have not, for the most part, come back to the country. At the national level, constitutions, laws and executive instructions allow foreign nationals into Chad in order to help the country reach the goal noted above. One type of migrant are the students who were given scholarships and sent to study abroad, but who often remained abroad with a qualification paid for by their national Community. A second type of migrant are the asylum seekers and their families driven out of the country by threats and war. The third type of migrant are the highly-skilled staff who left the country in order to join foreign armed groups. In general, they make up the elite of rebellions, established in a host-country, very far from the front line and they only return under the protection of peace agreements and amnesties. Highly-qualified migration exists in Chad, but it is very difficult to get to grips with it. No general and reliable statistics are available. The public services there have not yet learnt the importance of the phenomenon in Chad and still less abroad. For this reason research must continue.
Year 2010
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17305 Report

Insights From Evolutionary Anthropology on the (Pre)history of the Nuclear Family

Authors Laura Fortunato
Year 2017
Journal Name CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH
17307 Journal Article

VALIDATION OF THE CHINESE EXPANDED EUTHANASIA ATTITUDE SCALE

Authors Alice Ming-Lin Chong, Shiu-Yeu Fok
Year 2013
Journal Name Death Studies
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17309 Journal Article

Behavioral ecology of conservation in traditional societies

Authors BS Low
Year 1996
Journal Name Human Nature
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17310 Journal Article

THE INFLUENCE OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL THINKING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ETHNOGRAPHIC DISCIPLINE

Authors Cristopher Valdes San Martin
Year 2020
Journal Name AREAS-REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17311 Journal Article

Cartographies of Race and Class: Mapping the Class‐Monopoly Rents of American Subprime Mortgage Capital

Authors ELVIN WYLY, MARKUS MOOS, DANIEL HAMMEL, ...
Year 2009
Journal Name International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
Citations (WoS) 129
17312 Journal Article

REAGAN’S AUSTERITY BUREAUCRATS

Authors Rosemary Nonye Ndubuizu
Year 2019
Journal Name Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race
17316 Journal Article

"Socialism of the soul:" Holocaust in Saul Bellow's The Victim

Authors Sukhbir Singh
Year 2019
Journal Name Journal of Modern Jewish Studies
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17317 Journal Article

Language teachers’ identity in teaching intercultural communicative competence

Authors Yang Frank Gong, Chun Lai, Xuesong Andy Gao
Year 2021
Journal Name Language, Culture and Curriculum
Citations (WoS) 39
17323 Journal Article

Attributing Human Uniqueness and Human Nature to Cultural Groups: Distinct Forms of Subtle Dehumanization

Authors Paul Bain, Joonha Park, Christopher Kwok, ...
Year 2009
Journal Name Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
17325 Journal Article

The rights of resettled refugees in the UK: lessons for 'new' resettlement states and rights based advocacy for refugees

Authors Martin Jones
Year 2017
Journal Name International Journal of Migration and Border Studies
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17326 Journal Article

DEVELOPMENT OF A PERSONAL VALUES SCALE FOR TOURISM USING A MIXED METHOD

Authors Won Seok Lee, Joon Moon
Year 2020
Journal Name TOURISM CULTURE & COMMUNICATION
Citations (WoS) 1
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17331 Journal Article

The sociology of childbirth: an autobiographical journey through four decades of research

Authors Ann Oakley
Year 2016
Journal Name Sociology of Health & Illness
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17333 Journal Article

THE ELEVENTH-CENTURY MILIEU FOR AN EPISODE IN A THIRTEENTH-CENTURY FORNALDARSAGA

Authors Mark P. Mullane
Year 2012
Journal Name VIATOR-MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE STUDIES
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17334 Journal Article

Kanadier Mennonites: A case study examining research challenges among religious groups

Authors BL Hall, JC Kulig
Year 2004
Journal Name Qualitative Health Research
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17336 Journal Article

Ethical decision making in multinational organizations: A culture-based model

Authors C Robertson, PA Fadil
Year 1999
Journal Name Journal of Business Ethics
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17337 Journal Article

Tourism dance performances - Authenticity and creativity

Authors YP Daniel
Year 1996
Journal Name Annals of Tourism Research
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17338 Journal Article

THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF CHILDBIRTH - BIOLOGY AND CULTURAL-PRACTICES

Authors WR TREVATHAN
Year 1993
Journal Name Human Nature
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17339 Journal Article

BIRTH MANAGEMENT AND PERINATAL-CARE - BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVES .1.

Authors ME LAMB
Year 1993
Journal Name Human Nature
17340 Journal Article

SEX, COALITIONS, AND POLITICS IN PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES

Authors BS LOW
Year 1992
Journal Name POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17341 Journal Article

Contesting rural space: Land policy and practices of resettlement on Saltspring Island, 1859-1891

Authors Adele Perry
Year 2008
Journal Name UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO QUARTERLY
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17345 Journal Article

Making Borders Stick: Population Transfer and Resettlement in the Trans- Curzon Territories, 1944-1949

Authors Bohdan Kordan
Year 1997
Journal Name International Migration Review
Citations (WoS) 6
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17346 Journal Article

The indispensability of race in medicine

Authors Ludovica Lorusso, Fabio Bacchini
Year 2023
Citations (WoS) 2
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17347 Journal Article

Racial-Ethnic Team-Market Congruency in Professional Sport

Authors John Nadeau, D. Floyd Jones, Ann Pegoraro, ...
Year 2011
Journal Name JOURNAL OF SPORT MANAGEMENT
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17348 Journal Article

Recent Immigrants’ Religious Change in a Secular Context and its Relation with Social Integration

Authors Fenella Fleischmann, Fenella Fleischmann, Yassine Khoudja, ...
Year 2023
Journal Name KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie
Citations (WoS) 3
17349 Journal Article
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