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La migration hautement qualifiée au Tchad

Authors Djatto DJONATA
Description
Depuis son accession à l’indépendance, le Tchad a connu une situation politique tumultueuse qui a favorisé un mouvement de population vers l’intérieur et vers l’extérieur. Le cadre juridique des migrations est basé sur les instruments internationaux et nationaux. Sur le plan international, le Tchad a signé de nombreux accords bilatéraux et multilatéraux avec des pays ou organisations dans deux buts : disposer d’une main d’œuvre hautement qualifiée et assurer la formation des futurs cadres tchadiens qui, pour la plupart, ne sont pas retournés au pays. Sur le plan interne, les constitutions, les lois et les textes d’application créent un cadre favorisant l’entrée des non nationaux au Tchad en vue de l’aider à atteindre les objectifs énoncés. Trois catégories de migrants relèvent du phénomène de la guerre civile vécue au Tchad pendant plus de quatre décennies. Il est observé que ceux qui étaient envoyés avec des bourses pour étudier ont fini par s’installer ailleurs après une haute qualification obtenue grâce à la prise en charge par leur communauté nationale. Une deuxième catégorie est constituée des demandeurs d’asile qui cherchent à préserver leur vie et celle de leur famille suite aux menaces ou des effets collatéraux de la guerre. La troisième catégorie est formée de hauts cadres qui quittent le pays pour s’enrôler dans les groupes armés. Généralement, ils constituent l’élite des rebellions, s’installent dans les pays d’accueil loin des lieux d’affrontement et ne reviennent que sous la protection d’un accord de paix suivi d’une loi d’amnistie. La migration hautement qualifiée existe mais elle est difficile à maîtriser. Aucune statistique générale et fiable n’est disponible. A ce jour, les services publics ne savent même pas quelle est l’importance du phénomène au Tchad et encore moins à l’extérieur, d’où la nécessité de poursuivre la recherche. Abstract Since independence Chad has experienced political difficulties which have encouraged Chadians to flee both inside and outside the country. The legal framework of migration in Chad is based on national and international acts. At the international level, Chad has signed numerous bilateral and multilateral agreements with countries or organisations for two purposes: keeping highly-qualified labour and assuring training for Chadians, who have not, for the most part, come back to the country. At the national level, constitutions, laws and executive instructions allow foreign nationals into Chad in order to help the country reach the goal noted above. One type of migrant are the students who were given scholarships and sent to study abroad, but who often remained abroad with a qualification paid for by their national Community. A second type of migrant are the asylum seekers and their families driven out of the country by threats and war. The third type of migrant are the highly-skilled staff who left the country in order to join foreign armed groups. In general, they make up the elite of rebellions, established in a host-country, very far from the front line and they only return under the protection of peace agreements and amnesties. Highly-qualified migration exists in Chad, but it is very difficult to get to grips with it. No general and reliable statistics are available. The public services there have not yet learnt the importance of the phenomenon in Chad and still less abroad. For this reason research must continue.
Year 2010
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17351 Report

Language teachers’ identity in teaching intercultural communicative competence

Authors Yang Frank Gong, Chun Lai, Xuesong Andy Gao
Year 2021
Journal Name Language, Culture and Curriculum
Citations (WoS) 39
17354 Journal Article

Attributing Human Uniqueness and Human Nature to Cultural Groups: Distinct Forms of Subtle Dehumanization

Authors Paul Bain, Joonha Park, Christopher Kwok, ...
Year 2009
Journal Name Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
17356 Journal Article

The rights of resettled refugees in the UK: lessons for 'new' resettlement states and rights based advocacy for refugees

Authors Martin Jones
Year 2017
Journal Name International Journal of Migration and Border Studies
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17357 Journal Article

DEVELOPMENT OF A PERSONAL VALUES SCALE FOR TOURISM USING A MIXED METHOD

Authors Won Seok Lee, Joon Moon
Year 2020
Journal Name TOURISM CULTURE & COMMUNICATION
Citations (WoS) 1
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17364 Journal Article

The sociology of childbirth: an autobiographical journey through four decades of research

Authors Ann Oakley
Year 2016
Journal Name Sociology of Health & Illness
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17366 Journal Article

THE ELEVENTH-CENTURY MILIEU FOR AN EPISODE IN A THIRTEENTH-CENTURY FORNALDARSAGA

Authors Mark P. Mullane
Year 2012
Journal Name VIATOR-MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE STUDIES
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17367 Journal Article

Kanadier Mennonites: A case study examining research challenges among religious groups

Authors BL Hall, JC Kulig
Year 2004
Journal Name Qualitative Health Research
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17369 Journal Article

Ethical decision making in multinational organizations: A culture-based model

Authors C Robertson, PA Fadil
Year 1999
Journal Name Journal of Business Ethics
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17370 Journal Article

Tourism dance performances - Authenticity and creativity

Authors YP Daniel
Year 1996
Journal Name Annals of Tourism Research
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17371 Journal Article

THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF CHILDBIRTH - BIOLOGY AND CULTURAL-PRACTICES

Authors WR TREVATHAN
Year 1993
Journal Name Human Nature
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17372 Journal Article

BIRTH MANAGEMENT AND PERINATAL-CARE - BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVES .1.

Authors ME LAMB
Year 1993
Journal Name Human Nature
17373 Journal Article

SEX, COALITIONS, AND POLITICS IN PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES

Authors BS LOW
Year 1992
Journal Name POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES
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17374 Journal Article

The indispensability of race in medicine

Authors Ludovica Lorusso, Fabio Bacchini
Year 2023
Citations (WoS) 2
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17375 Journal Article

Cartographies of Race and Class: Mapping the Class‐Monopoly Rents of American Subprime Mortgage Capital

Authors ELVIN WYLY, MARKUS MOOS, DANIEL HAMMEL, ...
Year 2009
Journal Name International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
Citations (WoS) 129
17376 Journal Article

Racial-Ethnic Team-Market Congruency in Professional Sport

Authors John Nadeau, D. Floyd Jones, Ann Pegoraro, ...
Year 2011
Journal Name JOURNAL OF SPORT MANAGEMENT
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17380 Journal Article

Recent Immigrants’ Religious Change in a Secular Context and its Relation with Social Integration

Authors Fenella Fleischmann, Fenella Fleischmann, Yassine Khoudja, ...
Year 2023
Journal Name KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie
Citations (WoS) 3
17381 Journal Article

Community-level social capital and recurrence of acute coronary syndrome

Authors Richard M. Scheffler, Timothy T. Brown, Leonard Syme, ...
Year 2008
Journal Name Social Science & Medicine
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17387 Journal Article

Racial domination

Authors Marcello Maneri
Year 2024
Journal Name Ethnic and Racial Studies
17388 Journal Article

RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION

Authors M ODONNELL
Year 1988
Journal Name NEW SOCIETY
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17389 Journal Article

Racial Theory

Authors E. B. Reuter
Year 1945
Journal Name American Journal of Sociology
17390 Journal Article

MIXED RACE POLITICS

Authors Suki ALi
Year 2011
Journal Name ANNALES-ANALI ZA ISTRSKE IN MEDITERANSKE STUDIJE-SERIES HISTORIA ET SOCIOLOGIA
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17391 Journal Article

Contesting rural space: Land policy and practices of resettlement on Saltspring Island, 1859-1891

Authors Adele Perry
Year 2008
Journal Name UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO QUARTERLY
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17393 Journal Article

Making Borders Stick: Population Transfer and Resettlement in the Trans- Curzon Territories, 1944-1949

Authors Bohdan Kordan
Year 1997
Journal Name International Migration Review
Citations (WoS) 6
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17394 Journal Article

Reactions of indigenous people to the writings of behavioral and social scientists

Authors Richard W Brislin, Fahy Holwill
Year 1977
Journal Name International Journal of Intercultural Relations
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17395 Journal Article

Migrant labour, racism and the British National Health Service

Authors Christopher Kyriakides, Satnam Virdee
Year 2003
Journal Name Ethnicity & Health
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17396 Journal Article

Intergroup Prejudice in Multiethnic Settings

Authors J. Eric Oliver, Janelle Wong
Year 2003
Journal Name American Journal of Political Science
17397 Journal Article

Childhood in margins: romans in contexts of vulnerability and mobility

Authors Jost David Gutierrez Sanchez, Maria Jose Alcala del Olmo Fernandez
Year 2019
Journal Name ACCIONES E INVESTIGACIONES SOCIALES
Citations (WoS) 2
Taxonomy View Taxonomy Associations
17400 Journal Article
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